Epidemiological studies of low and radio frequency exposure on children's health comprise the following studies:
Authors | Year | Study type | Study group | Observation period | Study location | Endpoints | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Grellier J et al. | 2014 | pooled analysis | children, 0–14 years | - | - | childhood leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Pedersen C et al. | 2014 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 1968 - 2006 | Denmark | childhood leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, underground cable, electrical substation, residential |
Bunch KJ et al. | 2014 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 1962 - 2008 | UK | childhood leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor, other solid tumors | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Swanson J et al. | 2014 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 1962 - 2008 | UK | childhood leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor, other childhood cancer | electric field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure |
Leitgeb N | 2014 | pooled analysis | children, 0–14 years | - | - | childhood leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line |
Ba Hakim AS et al. | 2014 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | January 2001 - May 2007 | Malaysia | acute leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Bunch KJ et al. | 2015 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 1962 - 2008 | UK | childhood leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor, other childhood cancer | magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, DC, underground cable, high-voltage direct current (HVDC), residential |
Pedersen C et al. | 2015 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 1968 - 2003 | Denmark | childhood leukemia, childhood lymphoma, childhood brain/CNS tumor | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, underground cable, electrical substation, residential |
Leitgeb N | 2015 | - | children, 0–14 years | - | - | childhood leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Bunch KJ et al. | 2016 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 1962 - 2008 | UK | lymphoid leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor, other childhood cancer | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Amoon AT et al. | 2018 | pooled analysis, case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 1960 - 2014 | Brazil, USA; Denmark, France, Italy, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, Australia, UK | childhood leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Swanson J et al. | 2018 | reanalysis, case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 1962 - 2008 | UK | childhood leukemia | 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, magnetic field, residential |
Swanson J et al. | 2019 | meta-analysis | children, 0–14 years | - | USA, Canada, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Finland, Mexico, Taiwan, Germany, Greece, New Zealand, Italy, UK, Japan, China, Iran, Brazil, Czech Republic, France, Malaysia | childhood leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Crespi CM et al. | 2019 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 1986 - 2008 | USA | childhood leukemia | magnetic field, power transmission line, 50/60 Hz, residential |
Brabant C et al. | 2023 | meta-analysis | children, 0–14 years | 1950 - 2011 | USA, Canada, Mexico, Brazil, Sweden, Finland, Germany, Greece, Norway, UK, Italy, Czech Republik, France, Denmark, Japan, Taiwan, Iran, Malaysia, New Zealand | childhood leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, low frequency, electric blanket, other domestic appliance |
Malavolti M et al. | 2024 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 1998 - 2019 | Italy | childhood leukemia | magnetic field, electrical substation, low frequency, residential |
Feychting M et al. | 1995 | pooled analysis | children, 0–15 years | 1960 - 1986 | Sweden and Denmark | leukaemia, malignant lymphoma, central nervous system tumor | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Feychting M et al. | 1993 | case-control study | children, 0–15 years | 1960 - 1985 | Sweden | childhood leukemia, childhood lymphoma, central nervous system tumor, other childhood cancer | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Kabuto M et al. | 2006 | case-control study | children, 0–15 years | 1999-2001 | Japan | acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Kheifets L et al. | 2010 | pooled analysis | children, 0–15 years | 1962 - 2009 | Germany, Italy, UK, Japan, Australia, Brazil | especially acute lympoblastic leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Zhao L et al. | 2014 | meta-analysis | children, 0–15 years | 1962 - 2007 | USA, Canada, UK, Germany, Italy, Japan, New Zealand | all childhood leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Crespi CM et al. | 2016 | case-control study | children, 0–15 years | 1986 - 2008 | USA | childhood leukemia, childhood brain/CNS tumor | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Núñez-Enríquez JC et al. | 2020 | case-control study | children, 0–15 years | 2010 - 2011 | Mexico | B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, residential |
Nguyen A et al. | 2022 | case-control study | children, 0–15 years | 1986 - 2008 | USA | childhood leukemia | magnetic field, power transmission line, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF, residential |
Malagoli C et al. | 2023 | case-control study | children, 0–15 years | 1998 - 2019 | Italy | childhood leukemia | magnetic field, power transmission line, 50/60 Hz, low frequency, residential |
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