Epidemiological studies of low and radio frequency exposure on children's health comprise the following studies:
Authors | Year | Study type | Study group | Observation period | Study location | Endpoints | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sermage-Faure C et al. | 2013 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 2002 - 2007 | France | acute leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Michaelis J et al. | 1997 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | July 1988 - June 1993 | Germany | childhood leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, inhouse wiring, residential |
Michaelis J et al. | 1998 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | July 1988 - June 1993 in Lower Saxony, January 1991 - September 1994 in Berlin | Germany | acute leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, inhouse wiring, residential |
Hug K et al. | 2010 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | July 1988 - June 1993, October 1992 - September 1994 | Germany | acute leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, CNS tumor, neuroblastoma, Wilms tumor, bone tumor, and soft tissue sarcoma | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational |
Kheifets L et al. | 2010 | pooled analysis | children, 0–15 years | 1962 - 2009 | Germany, Italy, UK, Japan, Australia, Brazil | especially acute lympoblastic leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Keegan TJ et al. | 2012 | case-control study | children, children in utero, 0–14 years | 1962 - 2006 | Great Britain | total childhood leukemia, lymphoid leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, other types of leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, occupational, also other exposures without EMF |
Petridou E et al. | 1997 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 1993 - 1994 | Greece | childhood leukemia | electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Petridou E et al. | 1993 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | July 1987 - June 1991 | Greece | childhood leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, electrical substation, residential, also other exposures without EMF |
Petridou E et al. | 1993 | - | children, 0–14 years | 1976 - 1989 | Greece | childhood leukemia | electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, inhouse wiring, personal |
Sohrabi MR et al. | 2010 | case-control study | children, 0–18 years | January 2009 - May 2009 | Iran | acute lymphoblastic leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Tabrizi MM et al. | 2015 | case-control study | children, children in utero, 0–11 years | 2013 - 2014 | Iran | acute lymphoblastic leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential, also other exposures without EMF |
Tabrizi MM et al. | 2015 | case-control study | children, children in utero, 0–11 years | not stated | Iran | acute lymphoblastic leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential, also other exposures without EMF |
Norzaee S et al. | 2024 | case-control study | children, 1–15 years | 2016-2021 | Iran | childhood leukemia, childhood lymphoma | power transmission line, also other exposures without EMF |
Zaki AM et al. | 2020 | meta-analysis | children, 0–15 years | - | Iran, Italy, Switzerland, Taiwan, United Kingdom, Japan, Germany, Canada, USA, New Zealand | all childhood cancer, childhood leukemia | mobile communications, mobile phone, mobile phone base station, microwaves, cordless phone, RF field, Radio/TV transmitter, electric field, magnetic field, PC/TV monitor, low frequency, power transmission line, EMF general, laptop/tablet, residential, co-exposure |
Feizi AA et al. | 2007 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 1998 - 2004 | Iran, Tabriz | acute leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Bianchi N et al. | 2000 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 1976 - 1992 | Italy | childhood leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Malagoli C et al. | 2010 | case-control study | children, 0–13 years | 1986 - 2007 | Italy | acute lymphoblastic leukemia, all types of leukemia, all malignant neoplasms of the lymphatic and hematopoietic tissue | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Salvan A et al. | 2015 | case-control study | children, 0–10 years | 1998 - 2001 | Italy | childhood leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Malagoli C et al. | 2023 | case-control study | children, 0–15 years | 1998 - 2019 | Italy | childhood leukemia | magnetic field, power transmission line, 50/60 Hz, low frequency, residential |
Malavolti M et al. | 2024 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | 1998 - 2019 | Italy | childhood leukemia | magnetic field, electrical substation, low frequency, residential |
Mizoue T et al. | 2004 | - | children, 0–14 years | 1992 - 2001 | Japan | childhood leukemia, childhood lymphoma | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Kabuto M et al. | 2006 | case-control study | children, 0–15 years | 1999-2001 | Japan | acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Rahman HIA et al. | 2008 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | January 2001 - May 2007 | Malaysia | acute leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential, also other exposures without EMF |
Ba Hakim AS et al. | 2014 | case-control study | children, 0–14 years | January 2001 - May 2007 | Malaysia | acute leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
Mejia-Arangure JM et al. | 2007 | case-control study | children, 0–16 years | 1995 - 2003 | Mexico | acute leukemia | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line, residential |
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