To study whether electromagnetic field emitted by digital cellular phone affects the brain, subjects were exposed during an entire night-sleep episode to an intermittent schedule consisting of alternating 15 minutes "on" and 15 minutes "off" intervals.
Exposure | Parameters |
---|---|
Exposure 1:
900 MHz
Modulation type:
pulsed
Exposure duration:
intermittent, 15 min on/off, for 8 h
|
|
Frequency | 900 MHz |
---|---|
Type | |
Polarization | |
Exposure duration | intermittent, 15 min on/off, for 8 h |
Modulation type | pulsed |
---|---|
Duty cycle | 87.5 % |
Repetition frequency | 217 Hz |
Additional info |
The pseudo GSM test signal was modulated with frequencies used by handsets and base stations having components of 2, 8, 217, 1736 Hz. |
Exposure source | |
---|---|
Distance between exposed object and exposure source | 30 cm |
Chamber | Two sound insulated and temperature controlled bedrooms with absorber walls placed around the bed to approximate an anechoic room and ensure a relatively uniform exposure. |
Setup | There was an array of three λ/2 dipole antennas behind each bed at a distance of 30 cm from the head of the recumbent subject. The polarization of the field was perpendicular to the surface of the bed. |
Additional info | The experiment consisted of two sessions one week apart. EMF or sham exposure was given according to a randomized, placebo controlled, double-blind study, cross-over study design. During an adaptation night per session in a different room, the absorber walls were mimicked by fabric. |
Measurand | Value | Type | Method | Mass | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SAR | 1 W/kg | maximum | measured | 10 g | - |
Compared with a control night the amount of waking after sleep onset was reduced from 18 to 12 min. Spectral power of the EEG in non-rapid eye movement sleep (REM sleep) was increased. The maximum rise occured in the 10.0-11.0 Hz and 13.5-14.0 Hz bands during the initial part of sleep and then subsided. The data demonstrate that pulsed high-frequency electromagnetic field in the range of cellular phones may promote sleep and modify sleep EEG.
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