Medical/biological study (experimental study)

Do 100- and 500-µT ELF magnetic fields alter beta-amyloid protein, protein carbonyl and malondialdehyde in rat brains? med./bio.

By: Akdag MZ, Dasdag S, Cakir DU, Yokus B, Kizil G, Kizil M

Published in: Electromagn Biol Med 2013; 32 (3): 363-372

Aim of study (acc. to author)

To study the effects of 100 µT and 500 µT extremely low-frequency magnetic fields on levels of beta-amyloid protein, protein carbonyl and malondialdehyde in rat brain. The aim of this study was to illuminate the interaction between biomolecules and extremely low-frequency magnetic fields.

Background/further details

30 rats were divided into 3 groups: 2 exposure groups (100 µT and 500 µT) and 1 sham exposure group (each group n=10).

Endpoint

effects on the neurological system: oxidative stress in the brain

Exposure

- 50/60 Hz
- magnetic field

Exposure	Parameters
Exposure 1: 50 Hz Exposure duration: 2 h/day for 10 months	magnetic flux density: 100 µT spatial average
Exposure 2: 50 Hz Exposure duration: 2 h/day for 10 months	magnetic flux density: 500 µT spatial average

Exposure 1

Main characteristics

Frequency	50 Hz
Type	magnetic field
Exposure duration	2 h/day for 10 months

Exposure setup

Exposure source	Helmholtz coils
Chamber	exposures were carried out in methacrylate cages; rats moved freely in the cages during exposure
Setup	pair of Helmholtz coils of 25 cm diameter in a Faraday cage (130 X 65 x 80 cm), with shielding grounded to protect against stray environmental electrical fields; coils were placed horizontally facing one another, and the distance between coils was 25 cm
Sham exposure	A sham exposure was conducted.

Parameters

Measurand	Value	Type	Method	Mass	Remarks
magnetic flux density	100 µT	spatial average	measured	-	-

Additional parameter details

50 Hz stray fields in the sham exposure system were 0.1 µT; static geomagnetic field component parallel to the exposure field was 14 µT, and the component perpendicular to the exposed field was 34 µT

Exposure 2

Main characteristics

Frequency	50 Hz
Type	magnetic field
Exposure duration	2 h/day for 10 months

Exposure setup

Exposure source	Helmholtz coils same setup as exposure 1
Sham exposure	A sham exposure was conducted.

Parameters

Measurand	Value	Type	Method	Mass	Remarks
magnetic flux density	500 µT	spatial average	measured	-	-

Exposed system:

Methods Endpoint/measurement parameters/methodology

effects on the neurological system: oxidative stress in the brain (lipid peroxidation: level of malondialdehyde (via thiobarbituric acid substances; spectrophotometry); protein carbonyl group level (via 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine; spectrophotometry)); level of beta-amyloid protein (ELISA)

Investigated system:

brain homogenates and supernatants

Investigated organ system:

brain/CNS

Time of investigation:

after exposure

Main outcome of study (acc. to author)

Protein carbonyl group and malondialdehyde levels were significantly increased by the exposure to 100 µT and 500 µT extremely low-frequency magnetic fields. However, beta-amyloid protein level was not significantly affected. In conclusion, the data showed that long-term exposure (2 h/day for 10 months) can affect some biological macromolecules such as proteins and lipids.

Study character:

medical/biological study
experimental study
full/main study
blind study

Study funded by

not stated/no funding

Podda MV et al. (2014): Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields enhance the survival of newborn neurons in the mouse hippocampus
Manikonda PK et al. (2014): Extremely low frequency magnetic fields induce oxidative stress in rat brain
Raus Balind S et al. (2014): Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Field (50 Hz, 0.5 mT) Reduces Oxidative Stress in the Brain of Gerbils Submitted to Global Cerebral Ischemia
Selakovic V et al. (2013): Age-Dependent Effects of ELF-MF on Oxidative Stress in the Brain of Mongolian Gerbils
Zhang C et al. (2013): Extremely low-frequency magnetic exposure appears to have no effect on pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease in aluminum-overloaded rat
Deng Y et al. (2013): Effects of aluminum and extremely low frequency electromagnetic radiation on oxidative stress and memory in brain of mice
Martinez-Samano J et al. (2012): Effect of acute extremely low frequency electromagnetic field exposure on the antioxidant status and lipid levels in rat brain
Cui Y et al. (2012): Deficits in water maze performance and oxidative stress in the hippocampus and striatum induced by extremely low frequency magnetic field exposure
Akpinar D et al. (2012): The effect of different strengths of extremely low-frequency electric fields on antioxidant status, lipid peroxidation, and visual evoked potentials
Chu LY et al. (2011): Extremely low frequency magnetic field induces oxidative stress in mouse cerebellum
Akdag MZ et al. (2010): Effects of extremely low-frequency magnetic field on caspase activities and oxidative stress values in rat brain
Lee BC et al. (2004): Effects of extremely low frequency magnetic field on the antioxidant defense system in mouse brain: a chemiluminescence study

Do 100- and 500-µT ELF magnetic fields alter beta-amyloid protein, protein carbonyl and malondialdehyde in rat brains? med./bio.

Aim of study (acc. to author)

Background/further details

Endpoint

Exposure

Exposure 1

Main characteristics

Exposure setup

Parameters

Additional parameter details

Exposure 2

Main characteristics

Exposure setup

Parameters

Methods Endpoint/measurement parameters/methodology

Main outcome of study (acc. to author)

Study funded by

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