Radiofrequency radiation and gene/protein expression: a review review

Endpoint

• molecular biosynthesis: gene expression and protein expression, (e.g. of heat shock proteins and proto-oncogenes (e.g. c-fos, c-jun, c-myc)) and DNA microarray evaluation
• effects on signal transduction pathway (e.g. via MAPK, ERK, JNK)

Exposure

• • RF
• • CDMA
  • TDMA
  • CW continuous wave
  • PW pulsed wave
  • mobile communications
  • mobile phone
  • GSM