Study type: Therapeutical study (experimental study)

Combined millimeter wave and cyclophosphamide therapy of an experimental murine melanoma med. app.

By: Logani MK, Bhanushali A, Anga A, Majmundar A, Szabo I, Ziskin MC
Published in: Bioelectromagnetics 2004; 25 (7): 516-523
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Aim of study (acc. to author)

To study whether millimeter wave therapy can increase the efficacy of cyclophosphamide, a commonly used anti-cancer drug.

Background/further details

B16F10 melanoma cells were implanted subcutaneously into the flank of mice on day 1 of the experiment. On days 4-8, cyclophosphamide was administered.

Endpoint

Exposure

Exposure Parameters
Exposure 1: 42 GHz
Exposure duration: repeated daily exposure, 30 min/day from day 4 to 8
  • SAR: 730 mW/g (± 100 W/kg)
  • power density: 365 W/m² peak value (± 5 mW/cm²)
Exposure 2: 42 GHz
Exposure duration: 30 min/day from day 1 to 3 and from day 9 to 11
  • SAR: 730 mW/g (± 100 W/kg)
  • power density: 365 W/m² peak value (± 5 mW/cm²)
Exposure 3: 42 GHz
Exposure duration: 30 min/day from day 9 to 11
  • SAR: 730 mW/g (± 100 W/kg)
  • power density: 365 W/m² peak value (± 5 mW/cm²)
Exposure 4: 42 GHz
Exposure duration: 30 min/day from day 1 to 3 and from day 8 to 10
  • SAR: 730 mW/g (± 100 W/kg)
  • power density: 365 W/m² peak value (± 5 mW/cm²)

Exposure 1

Main characteristics
Frequency 42 GHz
Charakteristic
Exposure duration repeated daily exposure, 30 min/day from day 4 to 8
Modulation
Modulation type cf. additional info
Additional info

Modulated at 60 Hz
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Distance between exposed object and exposure source 0.005 m
Setup The animals were restrained in individual centrifuge tubes in a manner that their nose stuck out of the tube in front of the antenna.
Sham exposure A sham exposure was conducted.
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
SAR 730 mW/g - measured cf. remarks ± 100 W/kg
power density 365 W/m² peak value measured - ± 5 mW/cm²

Exposure 2

Main characteristics
Frequency 42 GHz
Charakteristic
Exposure duration 30 min/day from day 1 to 3 and from day 9 to 11
Additional info The animals were treated with 30 mg/kg CPA inbetween the two MMW (millimeterwave) exposure.
Modulation
Modulation type cf. additional info
Additional info

Modulated at 60 Hz
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Distance between exposed object and exposure source 0.005 m
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
SAR 730 mW/g - measured cf. remarks ± 100 W/kg
power density 365 W/m² peak value measured - ± 5 mW/cm²

Exposure 3

Main characteristics
Frequency 42 GHz
Charakteristic
Exposure duration 30 min/day from day 9 to 11
Additional info The animals were treated with 30 mg/kg CPA from day 4 to 8 and then irradiated to MMW.
Modulation
Modulation type cf. additional info
Additional info

Modulated at 60 Hz
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Distance between exposed object and exposure source 0.005 m
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
SAR 730 mW/g - measured cf. remarks ± 100 W/kg
power density 365 W/m² peak value measured - ± 5 mW/cm²

Exposure 4

Main characteristics
Frequency 42 GHz
Charakteristic
Exposure duration 30 min/day from day 1 to 3 and from day 8 to 10
Additional info The animals were treated with 50 mg/kg CPA on 4 and 11 day and were irradiated to MMW on day 1 to 3 and 8 to 10.
Modulation
Modulation type cf. additional info
Additional info

Modulated at 60 Hz
Exposure setup
Exposure source
Distance between exposed object and exposure source 0.005 m
Parameters
Measurand Value Type Method Mass Remarks
SAR 730 mW/g - measured cf. remarks ± 100 W/kg
power density 365 W/m² peak value measured - ± 5 mW/cm²

Exposed system:

Methods Endpoint/measurement parameters/methodology

Investigated system:
Time of investigation:
  • after exposure

Main outcome of study (acc. to author)

A significant reduction in tumor growth was revealed with cyclophosphamide treatment, but millimeter wave exposure did not provide additional therapeutic benefit as compared to cyclophosphamide alone. Similar data were obtained when millimeter wave irradiation was applied both prior to and following cyclophosphamide administration.

Study character:

Study funded by