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UMTS mobile phone

Belongs to:
Mobile phone
Description:

The third generation of mobile telephony (3G) is also known as UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System); the UMTS standard is operated as frequency division duplex, whereas the time division duplex is mainly used for data transmission and not compatible with the conventional UMTS.

Frequency ranges:
  • 1,900–1,980 MHz
  • 2,010–2,025 MHz
  • 2,110–2,170 MHz
Type of field:
electromagnetic

Measurements (acc. to literature)

underground
Measurand Value Remarks
electric field strength 0.05–0.07 V/m while moving between two stations; during peak hours [1]
outdoor
Measurand Value Remarks
power density 0.23 µW/m² (measured) in rural areas of Sweden, measurements comprise both GSM (900 and 1800) as well as UMTS [2]
power density 0.78 µW/m² (measured) in urban areas of Sweden; measurements comprise both GSM (900 and 1800) and UMTS [2]
power density 1.1 µW/m² (measured) in the capital of Sweden (Stockholm); measurements comprise both GSM (900 and 1800) and UMTS [2]
within a building
Measurand Value Remarks
electric field strength 0.03 V/m (mean, measured) mean exposure of 40 different loactions within various buildings in Greece; per location 11 measurements were performed: three in the center of the room at different heights (1.1 m, 1.5 m, 1.7 m), four in the corners of the room at a distance of 1 m from the center and a height of 1 m, three next to the window and one at the position of the maximum electric field. [3]
laboratory
Measurand Value Remarks
SAR 0.021–0.196 W/kg (measured) range of values results from measuring three different terminals; frequency range examined corresponds to the UMTS standard in Asia for 1900 MHz [4]
SAR 0.034–0.167 W/kg (measured) range of values results from measuring three different terminals; frequency range examined corresponds to the UMTS standard in Asia for 1900 MHz [4]
SAR 0.045 W/kg (mean, simulated) averaged over 1 g over the whole head of a female phantom model; normalised to 1 W antenna output [6]
SAR 0.069 W/kg (mean, simulated) averaged over 1 g of tissue over the whole head of a male phantom model; normalised to 1 W antenna output [6]
SAR 0.125–0.294 W/kg (measured) range of values results from measuring three different terminal models [4]
SAR 1.97 W/kg (measured) - [7]
office
Measurand Value Remarks
SAR 0.04 W/kg (mean, calculated) for 3 minutes of data downlaod and phone call (partially simultaneous) in the office [5]
SAR 0.08 W/kg (mean, calculated) for 12 minutes of data upload in the office [5]
power 61.3 µW (mean, measured) for 3 minutes data-download and phoning (partially at the same time) in the office [5]
power 135.9 µW (mean, measured) for 12 minutes data-upload on the office [5]
computer model
Measurand Value Remarks
SAR 0.15 W/kg (maximum, calculated) averaged over 1 g of tissue of the eye; distance between antenna and phantom: 65 mm; normalized to 1 W antenna input power [7]
SAR 0.24 W/kg (simulated) mobile phone positioned at the ear; averaged over 1 g of tissue of the brain of the not exposed hemisphere [8]
SAR 0.34 W/kg (calculated) mobile phone positioned at the ear; averaged over 1 g of tissue of the brain of the non-exposed hemisphere [8]
SAR 1.03 W/kg (maximum, calculated) averaged over 1 g of brain tissue; distance between antenna and phantom: 65 mm; normalized to 1 W antenna input power [7]
SAR 1.29 W/kg (simulated) mobile phone positioned at the ear; averaged over 1 g of tissue of the brain of the exposed hemisphere [8]
SAR 2 W/kg (maximum, simulated) interaction between tissue and passive implant, here braces: averaged over 1g; for comparison: the simulated SAR without implant is equally 2 W/kg [9]
SAR 2.16 W/kg averaged over 10 g of tissue in the homogeneous SAM phantom; distance between antenna and phantom: 65 mm; normalized to 1 W antenna input power [7]
SAR 3.02 W/kg (maximum, measured) averaged over 1 g of tissue of the ear; distance between antenna and phantom: 65 mm; normalized to 1 W antenna input power [7]
SAR 3.72 W/g (maximum, calculated) mobile phone positioned at the ear; averaged over 1 g of tissue of the whole head of the exposed hemisphere [8]
SAR 6.29 W/kg (maximum, calculated) averaged over 1 g of skin tissue; distance between antenna and phantom: 65 mm; normalized to 1 W antenna input power [7]
SAR 72 W/kg (maximum, simulated) interaction between tissue and passive implant, here ear rings: averaged over 1g; for comparison: the simulated SAR without implant is only 56 W/kg [9]
SAR 107 W/kg (maximum, simulated) interaction between tissue and passive implant, here bone plates : averaged over 1g; for comparison: the simulated SAR without implant is only 106 W/kg [9]
SAR 119 W/kg (maximum, simulated) interaction between tissue and passive implant, here ear rings: averaged over 1g; for comparison: the simulated SAR without implant is even 122 W/kg [9]
SAR 145 W/kg (maximum, simulated) interaction between tissue and passive implant, here an artificial skull plate: averaged over 1g; for comparison: the simulated SAR without implant is only 71 W/kg [9]
Show more measurements
indoor
Measurand Value Remarks
SAR 0.691 W/kg (mean, simulated) averaged over 1 g tissue at the ears of a female phantom model, normalised to 1 W antenna input power [6]
SAR 1.986 W/kg (mean, simulated) averaged over 1 g tissue at the ears of a male phantom model, normalised to 1 W antenna input power [6]

References

  1. Gryz K et al. (2015): Radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation exposure inside the metro tube infrastructure in Warszawa
  2. Estenberg J et al. (2014): Extensive frequency selective measurements of radiofrequency fields in outdoor environments performed with a novel mobile monitoring system
  3. Markakis I et al. (2013): Radiofrequency exposure in Greek indoor environments
  4. Shi D et al. (2012): The SAR value analysis of LTE terminals
  5. Georg R et al. (2005): [Determination of SAR-values occurring during the everyday use of mobile phones]
  6. Lehmann H et al. (2012): Head exposure system for a human provocation study to assess the possible influence of UMTS-like electromagnetic fields on cerebral blood circulation using near-infrared imaging
  7. Schmid G et al. (2007): New head exposure system for use in human provocation studies with EEG recording during GSM900- and UMTS-like exposure
  8. Murbach M et al. (2012): Exposure system to study hypotheses of ELF and RF electromagnetic field interactions of mobile phones with the central nervous system
  9. Virtanen H et al. (2007): The effect of authentic metallic implants on the SAR distribution of the head exposed to 900, 1800 and 2450 MHz dipole near field