Study overviews

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on magnetic power frequency fields (50/60 Hz)

2053 studies in total
  1. 765 studies
  2. 637 studies
  3. 517 studies
  4. 414 studies
  5. 330 studies
  6. 208 studies

Cell functions

330 studies in total
  1. 124 studies
  2. 102 studies
  3. 85 studies
  4. 67 studies

Signal transduction 102 studies in total

Authors Year Exposed system Parameters Magnetic flux density/field strength
Luo FL et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, neurons from the entorhinal cortex of newborn rats magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1–3 mT
Lupke M et al. 2006 intact cell/cell culture, human umbilical cord blood-derived monocytes magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Ma Q et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, embryonic neural stem cells (mouse/BALB/c) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Malagoli D et al. 2003 invertebrate, mussel/<i>Mytilus galloprovincialis</i>, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 300–600 µT
Martinez MA et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture, NB69 cells (human neuroblastoma cells) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 100 µT
Martinez MA et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, NB69 cells (human neuroblastoma cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 100 µT
Martínez MA et al. 2019 intact cell/cell culture, NB69 cells (human neuroblastoma cells) 50/60 Hz, magnetic field 100 µT
Massot O et al. 2000 organelle/cell part, brain cell membrane preparations from Wistar rats and guinea pigs and CHO (Chinese hamster ovary) cells transfected with the human 5-HT<sub>1B</sub> receptor gene magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 2 mT
Miller SC et al. 1999 intact cell/cell culture, U937 (human leukemic monocyte cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line 0.08–1.3 mT
Morabito C et al. 2017 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Nie K et al. 2003 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 cells (human acute myeloid leukaemia cell line), MCF-7 cells (breast cancer cell line), 3Y1 cells (rat fibroblast cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, shielding/field deprivation 100 µT
Obo M et al. 2002 intact cell/cell culture, PC-12D cells (subline of the PC-12 cell line, derived from pheochromocytoma cells from the rat adrenal medulla) magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 14.8–150 µT
Park JE et al. 2013 intact cell/cell culture, human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Patruno A et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture, THP-1 cells (human monocytic leukemia cell line) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1 mT
Patruno A et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, HaCaT cells (human keratinocytes) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1 mT
Qiu L et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, human amniotic (FL) cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.4 mT
Santoro N et al. 1997 intact cell/cell culture, Raji cells (human Burkitt lymphoma B lymphocyte cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 2 mT
Schimmelpfeng J 1997 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 (human promyelocytic leukemia cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 2 mT
Schimmelpfeng J et al. 1997 intact cell/cell culture, SV40-swiss-3T3 cells (mouse fibroblast cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 16 mT
Schimmelpfeng J et al. 1995 intact cell/cell culture, SV40-swiss-3T3 cells (mouse fibroblast cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 2 mT
Schimmelpfeng J et al. 1993 intact cell/cell culture, SV40-swiss-3T3 cells (mouse fibroblast cell line) electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 2 mT
Shin EJ et al. 2011 animal, mouse/C57BL/6, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.3–2.4 mT
Sonnier H et al. 2000 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 80 µT–7.5 mT
Sonnier H et al. 2003 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.072–7.5 mT
Sun WJ et al. 2002 intact cell/cell culture, CHL (Chinese hamster lung) cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 400–800 µT
Sun WJ et al. 2001 intact cell/cell culture, CHL (Chinese hamster lung) cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, shielding/field deprivation 0.4–0.8 mT
Sun WJ et al. 2001 intact cell/cell culture, CHL (Chinese hamster lung) cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.4–0.8 mT
Sun ZC et al. 2016 animal, mouse/C57, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Urnukhsaikhan E et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) magnetic field, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz 10 mT
Urnukhsaikhan E et al. 2017 animal, mouse/C57B6, whole body magnetic field, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz 10 mT
Ventura C et al. 2005 intact cell/cell culture, GTR1 cells (derivative of R1 embryonic stem cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.8 mT
Verdugo-Diaz L et al. 1998 intact cell/cell culture, chromaffin cells (from neonatal Wistar rats) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 700 µT
Verdugo-Diaz L et al. 2002 intact cell/cell culture, chromaffin cells (from neonatal rats) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 700 µT
Wang KW et al. 1994 intact cell/cell culture, CRI-G1 cell line (derived from rat islet cell tumor) magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 127–508 µT
Wang Y et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, FL cells (human amniotic cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.4 mT
Wetzel BJ et al. 2001 intact cell/cell culture, Jurkat cells (clone E6-1; T-lymphocyte hybridoma cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 100 µT
Wu X et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, FL cells (human amniotic cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.4 mT
Wu X et al. 2018 intact cell/cell culture, human amniotic epithelium cells (FL), rat pheochromocytoma cells (PC12) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.4 mT
Xiao-Feng P et al. 2005 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line 9 µT
Xie YF et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, rat calvarial osteoblasts magnetic field, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz 0.6 mT
Xu A et al. 2020 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency -
Yamaguchi DT et al. 2002 intact cell/cell culture, ROS 17/2.8 (osteoblast-like cells) and MC3T3-E1 cells (mouse osteoblast-like cells) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, therapeutic/medical device 0.6–1.25 mT
Yang G et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, rat cerebellar granule cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.2–1 mT
Yang X et al. 2019 intact cell/cell culture, FL cells (human amniotic cells) 50/60 Hz, magnetic field 0.4 mT
Yost MG et al. 1992 intact cell/cell culture, rat lymphocytes magnetic field, static magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 23.4–42.1 µT
Zeng Q et al. 2006 intact cell/cell culture, NIH3T3 cells (mouse fibroblasts) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.2–0.4 mT
Zeng QL et al. 2003 intact cell/cell culture, CHL (Chinese hamster lung) cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.8 mT
Zhang L et al. 1997 intact cell/cell culture, chromaffin cells (from rat adrenal medulla) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Zhou J et al. 2002 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 (human acute myeloid leukaemia cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.1 mT
Zhou J et al. 2019 intact cell/cell culture, rat calvarial osteoblasts, rat/Sprague Dawley, animal, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.1–2.4 mT