Study overviews

Please note that a publication can be assigned to several endpoints, i.e. the sum of publications from the individual thematic points and subpoints can be greater than the total sum of actual publications.

Experimental studies on magnetic power frequency fields (50/60 Hz)

2045 studies in total
  1. 764 studies
  2. 633 studies
  3. 511 studies
  4. 414 studies
  5. 329 studies
  6. 207 studies

Cell functions

329 studies in total
  1. 123 studies
  2. 101 studies
  3. 85 studies
  4. 67 studies

General cell functions 123 studies in total

Authors Year Exposed system Parameters Magnetic flux density/field strength
Jandova A et al. 1999 intact cell/cell culture, human leucocytes (from venous blood of healthy humans and cancer patients) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1–10 mT
Jandova A et al. 2001 intact cell/cell culture, human T-lymphocytes magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1–10 mT
Jandova A et al. 2005 isolated antigens in T cell suspensions magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, DC, static magnetic field 0.05–0.1 mT
Kapri-Pardes E et al. 2017 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure -
Kavak S et al. 2009 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body magnetic field, low frequency, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz 5 mT
Khadir R et al. 1999 intact cell/cell culture, neutrophils (from human venous blood) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.1–44 mT
Kim SJ et al. 2017 intact cell/cell culture, mouse/macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency, co-exposure 0.8 mT
Kim YM et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, B16F10 (murine melanoma cells) magnetic field, low frequency, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz -
Kobayashi-Sun J et al. 2024 isolated organ, zebrafish and goldfisch scales, animal, zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Konopacki M et al. 2022 bacterium, <i>Komagataeibacter xylinus</i> magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, intermediate frequency -
Kula B 1996 intact cell/cell culture, mouse fibroblasts magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 20–490 mT
Kula B et al. 1996 intact cell/cell culture, fibroblasts magnetic field, static magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 20–490 mT
Lee YJ et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells derived from mice (C57/BL6 mice and Foxp3-GFP mice) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.3 mT
Liu J et al. 2024 intact cell/cell culture, <i>Aspergillus niger</i> magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Liu Y et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, GC-2 cells (murine spermatocyte-derived cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1–3 mT
Lövsund P et al. 1979 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Manni V et al. 2002 intact cell/cell culture, HaCaT cells (human keratinocytes cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 2 mT
Marchionni I et al. 2006 intact cell/cell culture RF field, 50/60 Hz, magnetic field 125 µT
Marron MT et al. 1986 slime mold, <i>Physarum polycephalum</i> electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 100 µT
Masoudian N et al. 2015 organelle/cell part, synaptosomes magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.1–2 mT
Mizukawa Y et al. 2013 intact cell/cell culture, slime mold <i>Physarum polycephalum</i>, MC3T3-E1 cells (mouse osteoblast-like cell line) magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, also other exposures without EMF 1 mT–5 T
Moghadam MK et al. 2011 intact cell/cell culture, neuron units magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 207.2 µT
Morabito C et al. 2010 intact cell/cell culture, C2C12 cells (undifferentiated myoblasts and differentiated myotubes) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 0.1–1 mT
Morabito C et al. 2010 intact cell/cell culture, PC-12 cells magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 0.1–1 mT
Mroczek-Zdyrska M et al. 2017 plant, narrow-leafed lupin (<i>Lupinus angustifolius</i> L.) (seeds) 50/60 Hz, magnetic field, low frequency -
Nakasono S et al. 2000 bacterium, <i>Escherichia coli</i>/K12 magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 7.8–14 mT
Nindl G et al. 1997 intact cell/cell culture, Jurkat cells (clone E6-1; T-lymphocyte hybridoma cell line) magnetic field, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz 0.1–1.8 mT
Oncul S et al. 2016 bacterium, <i>Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus</i> magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Opler M et al. 1997 intact cell/cell culture, PC-12 cells (pheochromocytoma cell line from rat adrenal gland) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 6.7–8 µT
Ostafin M et al. 2017 - 50/60 Hz, magnetic field -
Parkinson WC et al. 1992 intact cell/cell culture, diatom (<i>Amphora coffeiformis</i>) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, DC, static magnetic field 20.9–85 µT
Patruno A et al. 2010 intact cell/cell culture, HaCaT cells (human keratinocytes) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, electrotherapy 1 mT
Patruno A et al. 2018 - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz -
Percherancier Y et al. 2015 intact cell/cell culture, NIH3T3 cells (mouse fibroblasts) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 0.4–1 mT
Pessina GP et al. 1998 intact cell/cell culture, peripheral blood mononuclear cells magnetic field, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz 3 mT
Petrini C et al. 1997 intact cell/cell culture, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 0.2–2 mT
Potenza L et al. 2012 intact cell/cell culture, truffle mycelium <i>Tuber borchii</i> magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, DC 0.1–300 mT
Price JA et al. 1998 intact cell/cell culture, peritoneal mast cells (from Sprague-Dawley outbred rats) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 5 mT
Racuciu M 2020 plant, tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz -
Ramoni C et al. 1995 intact cell/cell culture, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and lymphocytes magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 35 µT–10 mT
Reale M et al. 2014 intact cell/cell culture, SH-SY5Y (human neuroblastoma cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 1 mT
Revoltella RP et al. 1993 intact cell/cell culture, Friend erythroleukemia cell line (line 3BM-78, clone H19 from line 5-86, line 707M, clone F4-1 from line F4-N) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 200 µT
Rieti S et al. 2004 intact cell/cell culture, HaCaT cells (human keratinocytes cell line) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Saito A et al. 2009 intact cell/cell culture, P19 cells (mouse embryonal carcinoma cells) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 1–10 mT
Sakurai T et al. 2008 intact cell/cell culture, HIT-T15 cells (hamster-derived insulin-secreting cell line) magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz 5 mT
Salerno S et al. 2009 intact cell/cell culture, human t-lymphocytes magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, DC 0.5 mT
Santini MT et al. 2006 small, proliferating MG-63 spheroids magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1 mT
Schimmelpfeng J 1997 intact cell/cell culture, HL-60 (human promyelocytic leukemia cells) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure 2 mT
Schimmelpfeng J et al. 1993 intact cell/cell culture, SV40-swiss-3T3 cells (mouse fibroblast cell line) electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 2 mT
Schmitz C et al. 2004 animal, mouse/Han:NMRI, whole body magnetic field, 50/60 Hz 1.8 mT