EMF-Portal | Study overviews

Authors	Year	Exposed system	Endpoints	Frequency range	SAR	Exposure duration	Parameters
Sharma S et al.	2025	plant, <i>Trigonella foenum-graecum L.</i> (seeds)	-	2,100–2,300 MHz	-	-	mobile communications
Sharma A et al.	2024	plant, onion (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.)	-	800–2,300 MHz	-	-	mobile communications, mobile phone base station
Handa AP et al.	2024	plant, Weisskohl und Rotkohl (<i>Brassica oleracea</i>)	-	2,850 MHz	-	-	mobile communications, 5G, RF
Sharma S et al.	2023	plant, <i>Trigonella foenum-graecum L.</i> (seeds)	-	1,800 MHz	-	-	mobile communications, RF
Sharma S et al.	2023	plant, fenugreek (<i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i>) (seeds)	-	900 MHz	-	-	mobile communications, RF
Pustake S et al.	2022	plant, butter bean seeds	-	800–1,800 MHz	-	-	4G, 5G, mobile communications, mobile phone, LTE
Upadhyaya C et al.	2022	plant, Tulsi (<i>Ocimum sanctum</i> L.) and Brahmi (<i>Bacopa monnieri</i>)	-	900 MHz	-	-	mobile communications, GSM, CW continuous wave
Upadhyaya C et al.	2022	plant, tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.)	-	1,800 MHz	-	-	mobile communications, CW continuous wave
Bag U et al.	2022	callus cultures of sweet potato (<i>Ipomoea batatas</i> (L.) Lam.)	-	-	-	-	mobile communications, mobile phone
Surducan V et al.	2020	plant, bean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.)	-	910–920 MHz	-	-	mobile communications, GSM
Kumar A et al.	2020	plant, onion (<i>Allium cepa</i>)	-	900–1,800 MHz	-	-	mobile communications, RF
Chandel S et al.	2019	plant, onion (<i>Allium cepa</i>)	-	2,350 MHz	-	-	mobile communications, mobile phone, RF
Stefi AL et al.	2018	plant, myrtle (<i>Myrtus communis</i> L)	-	1,800 MHz	-	-	mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM
Chandel S et al.	2017	plant, onion (<i>Allium cepa</i>)	-	2,100 MHz	-	-	mobile phone, mobile communications, CW continuous wave
Qureshi ST et al.	2017	plant, chickpea (<i>Cicer arietinum</i> L.) (root tips)	-	900 MHz–3.31 GHz	-	-	mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, wireless transmitter/antenna
Waldmann-Selsam C et al.	2016	-	-	-	-	-	mobile phone base station, GSM, UMTS, LTE, TETRA/TETRAPOL, mobile communications
Kundu A et al.	2016	-	-	1.8 GHz	-	-	mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Lung I et al.	2016	-	-	-	-	-	mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, microwaves, W-LAN/WiFi
Gustavino B et al.	2016	plant, broad bean (<i>Vicia faba</i> L.) (seedlings), whole body	micronuclei in secondary root tips	915 MHz	0.4–1.6 W/kg	continuous for 72 hours	mobile phone, mobile communications, CW continuous wave
Kumar A et al.	2016	plant, maize seedlings (<i>Zea mays</i> L), whole body	effects on plants: growth and carbohydrate metabolism	1,800 MHz	1.69 W/kg	continuous for 30 minutes	mobile phone, mobile communications, CW continuous wave
Cammaerts MC et al.	2015	-	-	900–1,800 MHz	-	-	mobile phone base station, mobile communications, RF
Halgamuge MN et al.	2015	plant, seedlings of soy plants (<i>Glycine max</i>)	growth of soybean seedlings	900 MHz	0.48 µW/kg–20 mW/kg	continuous for 2 hours	mobile phone, mobile phone base station, GSM, mobile communications, CW continuous wave, PW pulsed wave
Kafi ST et al.	2014	plant, green mint	-	800–1,000 MHz	-	-	mobile communications, mobile phone base station
Chen HY et al.	2014	plant, mung bean (<i>Vigna radiate</i> L.), red bean (<i>Vigna angularis</i>), soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merr.), hyacinth bean (<i>Lablab purpureus</i>) and mologa bean (<i>Vigna unguiculata</i> subsp. <i>cylindrica</i>)	-	1,805–1,850 MHz	-	-	mobile communications, mobile phone, RF
Soran ML et al.	2014	plant, parsley (<i>Petroselinum crispum</i>), dill (<i>Anethum graveolens</i>), celery (<i>Apium graveolens</i>), whole body	effects on plants: leaf anatomy, etheric oil content and volatile emissions	860–910 MHz	-	continuous for 3 weeks	GSM, mobile communications, W-LAN/WiFi
Ahamed MEM et al.	2013	distilled water, plant, sweet pepper seeds (<i>Capsicum annuum</i> L.)	-	-	-	-	mobile communications, static magnetic field
Pesnya DS et al.	2013	plant, <i>Allium ceps</i> (bulbs)	-	890–915 MHz	1.4 W/kg	continuous for 3 h/day on 3 days	digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Akbal A et al.	2012	plant, lentil (<i>Lens culinaris</i> Medic)	-	1,800 MHz	-	-	mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Singh HP et al.	2012	plant, mung bean (<i>Vigna radiata</i>)/Wilczek, hypocotyls	effects on plants: root growth (rhizogenesis) and oxidative stress	900 MHz	-	continuous for 0.5, 1, 2 h	mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Sharma VP et al.	2010	plant, mung bean (<i>Vigna radiata</i>)/Wilczek cv. ML-5	effects on plants: germination and growth	900 MHz	-	continuous for 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h	mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Kouzmanova M et al.	2009	plant, <i>Plectranthus spec.</i>	-	902 MHz	-	continuous for 1 h	digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave
Sharma VP et al.	2009	plant, mung bean	effects on plants: root growth and oxidative stress	900 MHz	-	continuous for 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 hr, 4 hr	mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications
Engelmann JC et al.	2008	plant, plant cell suspension cultures of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>	gene expression	1.9 GHz	0.75–2 W/g	continuous for 24 h	UMTS, CDMA, mobile communications, RF, microwaves
Vian A et al.	2006	plant, tomato (<i>Lycopersicon esculentum</i> Mill.)/VFN8, whole body	stress response of tomato	900 MHz	-	continuous for 10 min	mobile communications, microwaves
Roux D et al.	2006	plant, tomato (<i>Lycopersicon esculentum</i> Mill.)/VFN8, whole body	stress response of tomato	900 MHz	-	continuous for 10 min	mobile communications, GSM
Tafforeau M et al.	2002	plant, flax (<i>Linum usitatissimum</i> L. var Ariane)	effects on plants/number of meristems	0.9 GHz	-	continuous for 2 h	digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications

Study overviews

Experimental studies on mobile communications

Other

Effects on plants 36 studies in total