Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

866 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    316 studies
  2. Other
    305 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    119 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    48 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    11 studies

Teratogenicity, embryogenesis

316 studies in total
  1. Low frequency
    160 studies
  2. Radio frequency
    142 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    37 studies
  4. Other
    2 studies

Low frequency 160 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Kalantar MH et al. 2024 animal, rat/Wistar albino - - - - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Liu C et al. 2023 animal, zebrafish embryos (<i>Danio rerio</i>) - - - - static magnetic field, MRI
Lola Costa EV et al. 2020 animal, fertilized eggs of Japanese quail (<i>Coturnix coturnix japonica</i>), whole body development of the embryonic body and vascular network of the yolk sac 60 Hz - 3 x 2 hours, with 6-hour intervals in between resulting in a total exposure of 6 h 50/60 Hz, magnetic field
Fey DP et al. 2019 animal, rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) (eggs and larvae), whole body embryogenesis and development of rainbow trout larvae 50 Hz - for 36 days (from eyed egg stage to approximately 26 days post hatching) magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Nakagawa H et al. 2018 animal, mexican axolotl (<i>Ambystoma mexicanum</i>) - 10 Hz - - magnetic field, static magnetic field
Kantarcioglu E et al. 2018 animal, chicken/Super Nick (egg) - - - - static magnetic field, MRI
Bekhite MM et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, embryoid bodies made of pluripotent mouse embryonic stem cells (CCE), animal, mouse/BALB/c, whole body embryonic development of mice 50 Hz - 8 hours/day for up to 20 days during gestation magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, DC
Pais-Roldan P et al. 2016 animal, zebrafish embryos and larvae - - - - static magnetic field, MRI
Krylov VV et al. 2016 - - 72.5–500 Hz - - magnetic field, low frequency, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Wang Y et al. 2016 human, whole body - - - - MRI