Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Finnie JW et al. | 2009 | animal, mouse/BALB/c, whole body | stress response (induction of heat shock proteins) in fetal brain | 900 MHz | 4 W/kg | 60 min/day from day 1 to day 19 of gestation | mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, PW pulsed wave |
Smialowicz RJ et al. | 1979 | - | - | 2.45 GHz | - | continuous | microwaves, CW continuous wave, 2.45 GHz |
Buchner K et al. | 2014 | animal, pig (German Landrace (sows) and German Landrace x Pietrain (piglets)), whole body | fertility of sows and malformation rate of piglets | 900 MHz | - | continuous | mobile phone base station, GSM, mobile communications |
Ait-Aissa S et al. | 2012 | animal, rat/Wistar, whole body | screening of immune markers (antibodies) directed against 15 different antigens related to damage and/or pathological markers | 2.45 GHz | 0–9 W/kg | continuous 2h/day, 5 days/week from day 6 to 21 of gestation (pregnant dam) and from day 1 to 35 (pups) postnatal | W-LAN/WiFi |
Hanci H et al. | 2015 | animal, rat/Sprague Dawley, whole body | oxidative stress and histology of spleen and thymus | 900 MHz | 0.025 W/kg | continuous for 1 hour/day between days 13 and 21 of pregnancy | mobile phone, mobile communications |
Sangun O et al. | 2015 | animal, rat/Wistar albino (<i>in utero</i> and young animals), whole body | growth and development of young rats | 2.45 GHz | 0.143 W/kg | continuous for 1 hour/day during gestation until birth and after weaning until puberty | RF field, PW pulsed wave, W-LAN/WiFi, 2.45 GHz |
Turedi S et al. | 2015 | animal, rat/Sprague Dawley, whole body | oxidative stress and histology of the heart | 900 MHz | 0.025 W/kg | continuous for 1 hour/day from day 13 to 21 of pregnancy | mobile phone, mobile communications |
Hässig M et al. | 2009 | animal, calf, whole body | effects on eye (nuclear cataract; oxidative stress) | - | - | continuous for 1 year | mobile communications, mobile phone base station, GSM, UMTS |
Lindholm H et al. | 2011 | human, partial body: head (right ear) | head temperature | 902.4 MHz | 0.66–4.3 W/kg | continuous for 15 min | digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications |
Tomruk A et al. | 2010 | animal, rabbit/New Zealand White, whole body | oxidative stress induced liver damage (hepato-toxicity: DNA damage, lipid peroxidation and malondialdehyde level) | 1,800 MHz | - | continuous for 15 min/day on 7 days | digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave |
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