Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

866 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    316 studies
  2. Other
    305 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    119 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    48 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    11 studies

Other

305 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    147 studies
  2. Low frequency
    113 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    57 studies

Low frequency 113 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Vallejo D et al. 2019 animal, mouse/OF1 blood coagulation 50 Hz - from gestation to 31-35 weeks of age magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Marino AA et al. 1980 animal, mouse/Ha/ICR, whole body - 60 Hz - from the pregnancy of the first generation until 119th day after birth of the third generation electric field, 50/60 Hz
Shafey TM et al. 2006 animal, chicken embryos (eggs), whole body - 20 Hz–100 kHz - not given in this article electric field, intermediate frequency, 50/60 Hz
Reiter RJ et al. 1988 animal, rat (embryo and young animal), whole body - 60 Hz - repeated daily exposure for 23 days, 19 hr/day. electric field, 50/60 Hz
McClanahan BJ et al. 1983 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body - 60 Hz - repeated daily exposure, 20 h/day for 30 days. electric field, 50/60 Hz
Liu H et al. 1997 - - - - repeated daily exposure, 3 h/day, for 2 days magnetic field, signals/pulses
Baum SJ 1979 - - 5 Hz–1 MHz - repeated daily exposure, 8 h/day, for 45 days electric field, signals/pulses
Bellossi A 1991 - - 12–460 Hz - repeated exposure, 2 x 30 min/week, lifelong magnetic field, signals/pulses
Barton BA et al. 1996 animal, trout (rainbow trout), whole body - - - two times 5 seconds, separated by 5 minutes touch current, 50/60 Hz, electric injuries/electrocution
Leitgeb N et al. 2006 human, partial body: lateral side of the forearm electric current perception 50 Hz - until first perception of current; repeated 6 times with a 3 min break between the tests touch current, electric current application, 50/60 Hz