Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

858 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    314 studies
  2. Other
    303 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    119 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    45 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    10 studies

Other

303 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    147 studies
  2. Low frequency
    112 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    56 studies

Low frequency 112 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Vallejo D et al. 2001 animal, mouse/OF1, whole body leukemia 50 Hz - continuous during pregnancy and for 14-15 or 50-52 weeks after birth magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Vallejo D et al. 2003 animal, mouse/OF1, whole body - 50 Hz - continuous for 14 weeks magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Vallejo D et al. 2019 animal, mouse/OF1 blood coagulation 50 Hz - from gestation to 31-35 weeks of age magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Whissell PD et al. 2007 - - - - - magnetic field
Wilmot JJ et al. 1993 - - - - - signals/pulses, electrotherapy
Wiltschko W et al. 2007 animal, chicken - 0 Hz–1.566 MHz - - geomagnetic field, intermediate frequency, static magnetic field, co-exposure
Woodbine L et al. 2015 animal, mouse/C57BL/6 (embryo), whole body double-strand breaks in the embryonic mouse brain 50 Hz - continuous for 3 hours prior to and up to 9 hours after X-radiation magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure
Yang H et al. 2024 - - 4 Hz - - magnetic field
Yao K et al. 2007 animal, mouse/BALB/c, whole body embryonic eye lens development 50 Hz - 3 h/day for 18 days (from day 0 to 18 of gestation) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Zhou J et al. 2019 intact cell/cell culture, rat calvarial osteoblasts, rat/Sprague Dawley, animal, whole body effects on bone, osteoblasts and underlying signal pathways 50 Hz - <i>in vivo</i>: 90 min/day for 2 months, <i>in vitro</i>: 90 min magnetic field, 50/60 Hz