Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Fields Induce Spermatogenic Germ Cell Apoptosis: Possible Mechanism review

Endpoint

• effects on the reproductive system: fertility, apoptosis and cell proliferation of germ cells, sperm number, testis weight, sex hormones

Exposure

• • 1 Hz–100 kHz
  • 50/60 Hz
  • magnetic field
  • intermediate frequency