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Bluetooth

Belongs to:
Mobile communications and radio applications
Description:

Bluetooth is a global standard for short-range radio transmission specification developed for wireless connecting of stationary computers, laptops, PDAs, cellular phones, and printers. Bluetooth technology is based on a low-cost, short-range radio link that operates in a globally available ISM band at 2.4 GHz.

-Bluetooth class I emits a power of up to 100 mW, covering a distance greater than 100 m.
-Bluetooth class II emits a power of up to 2.5 mW, covering a distance of several ten meters.
-Bluetooth class III emits a maximal output power of 1 mW, covering a distance of maximum 10 m.

Frequency ranges:
  • 2,400–2,480 MHz
  • 2.5 GHz
  • 3.5 GHz
Type of field:
electromagnetic

Measurements (acc. to literature)

class not known
Measurand Value Feature Remarks
electric field strength 2.26 V/m (measured) wireless keyboard and mouse - [1]
SAR 0.06 mW/kg (maximum, measured) wireless keyboard and mouse averaged over the whole body of a 3- tos 7-year-old child [1]
class not know
Measurand Value Feature Remarks
SAR 0.05 mW/kg (maximum, calculated) wireless keyboard and mouse averaged over the whole body of a 8- to 10-year-old child [1]
SAR 0.07 mW/kg (maximum, calculated) wireless cable and mouse averaged over the whole body of a 1- to 2-year-old child [1]
Bluetooth class I
Measurand Value Feature Remarks
electric field strength 0.002 V/m (maximum) - dongle; value averaged over 10 g [2]
electric field strength 0.2 V/m (measured) USB stick at a distance of 200 cm [3]
electric field strength 0.7 V/m (measured) USB stick at a distance of 100 cm [3]
electric field strength 0.8 V/m USB stick at a distance of 50 cm [3]
electric field strength 8 V/m (measured) USB stick at a distance of 10 cm [3]
SAR 0.1–0.2 W/kg USB stick - [4]
SAR 0.466 W/kg (simulated) USB stick directly at the body phantom [3]
power density 0.01 µW/m²–1.9 mW/m² (maximum) - maximum output value [2]
power 0.1 W (maximum) - antenna output power [5]
Bluetooth class II
Measurand Value Feature Remarks
electric field strength 0.08 V/m (measured) USB stick at a distance of 200 cm [3]
electric field strength 0.1 V/m (measured) USB stick at a distance of 100 cm [3]
electric field strength 0.3 V/m (measured) USB stick at a distance of 50 cm [3]
electric field strength 0.7 V/m (measured) USB stick at a distance of 10 cm [3]
SAR 0.0092 W/kg (simulated) USB stick directly at the body phantom [3]
Bluetooth class III
Measurand Value Feature Remarks
SAR 0.00319 mW/g (maximum) headset - [6]
SAR 0.00117–0.00319 W/kg (measured) handsfree handset at a distance of 1.5 m [3]

References

  1. Ibrani M et al. (2014): Assessment of the exposure of children to electromagnetic fields from wireless communication devices in home environments
  2. Bornkessel C et al. (2009): [Assessment of the exposure to WiMAX: Part 1: Assessment of the state of the technology - Project 3606S04515; Final report]
  3. Gruber S et al. (2007): [Risk potential of wireless networks - Report in fulfillment of postulate 04.3594 Allemann of October 8, 2004]
  4. No authors listed (2012): [Voice and data transmission via radio: Bluetooth and WLAN]
  5. Otto M et al. (2007): Electromagnetic fields (EMF): Do they play a role in children's environmental health (CEH)?
  6. Kramer A et al. (2005): Development of Procedures for the Assessment of Human Exposure to EMF from Wireless Devices in Home and Office Environments. ITIS Foundation