Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

882 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    319 studies
  2. Other
    312 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    122 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    54 studies
  5. Fertility
    48 studies
  6. Growth
    16 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    11 studies

Teratogenicity, embryogenesis

319 studies in total
  1. Low frequency
    162 studies
  2. Radio frequency
    144 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    37 studies
  4. Other
    2 studies

Radio frequency 144 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Zhang Y et al. 2014 animal, rat/Wistar (pregnant females and fetuses) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Haghani M et al. 2020 animal, rat/Wistar - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, RF, PW pulsed wave
Keleş Aİ 2020 - - 900 MHz - - RF
Keleş Aİ et al. 2021 - - 900 MHz - - RF
Sahmelikoglu AG et al. 2019 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, shielding/field deprivation
Balik MS et al. 2019 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley (embryos and newborns) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, microwaves
Ingole IV et al. 2012 animal, hen eggs (<i>Gallus domesticus</i> ) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Salameh M et al. 2023 - - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM
Khayat S et al. 2023 animal, rat/Wistar (<i>in utero</i>) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF
Wu X et al. 2025 animal, zebrafish embryos (<i>Danio rerio</i>) - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, RF