Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
| Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kantarcioglu E et al. | 2018 | animal, chicken/Super Nick (egg) | - | - | - | - | static magnetic field, MRI |
| Andrašková S et al. | 2022 | - | - | - | - | - | microwaves, 2.45 GHz |
| Sabban IF et al. | 2018 | animal, rat/ Wistar | - | - | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone |
| Vagula M et al. | 2013 | animal, zebrafish embryos (<i>Danio rerio</i>) | - | - | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone |
| Liu C et al. | 2023 | animal, zebrafish embryos (<i>Danio rerio</i>) | - | - | - | - | static magnetic field, MRI |
| Wu H et al. | 2023 | - | - | - | - | - | W-LAN/WiFi, RF, 2.45 GHz |
| Karadayi A et al. | 2024 | - | - | - | - | - | CW continuous wave, W-LAN/WiFi, microwaves, 2.45 GHz |
| Popovicova A et al. | 2024 | - | - | - | - | - | 2.45 GHz, microwaves |
| Prasad N et al. | 1990 | animal, embryos of <i>Rana pipiens</i> (Northern leopard frog), whole body: <i>in ovo</i> | - | 0 Hz | - | 1 hr | RF, static magnetic field, MRI |
| Gagnon ZE et al. | 2003 | animal, mouse/Swiss Webster, whole body | embryo development | 0 Hz–25 MHz | - | exposure started on the 18th day of pregnancy; one week later, offspring was born and maintained together with their mothers for 21 days. After that, only the mothers were left to continue for another 4 weeks. | EMF general |
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