Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

858 studies in total
  1. 314 studies
  2. 303 studies
  3. 119 studies
  4. 52 studies
  5. 45 studies
  6. 15 studies
  7. 10 studies

Teratogenicity, embryogenesis

314 studies in total
  1. 158 studies
  2. 138 studies
  3. 39 studies
  4. 2 studies
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Wu H et al. 2023 - - - - - W-LAN/WiFi, RF, 2.45 GHz
DastAmooz S et al. 2023 - - 2.4 GHz - - W-LAN/WiFi
Pecoraro R et al. 2023 animal, zebrafish embryos (<i>Danio rerio</i>) - 27 GHz - - 5G, mobile communications
Augustianath T et al. 2023 animal, chicken embryos (eggs) - 900–1,800 MHz - - 4G, GSM, mobile communications, mobile phone
Liu C et al. 2023 animal, zebrafish embryos (<i>Danio rerio</i>) - - - - static magnetic field, MRI
Sahingöz Yildirim AG et al. 2022 - - 10.715 GHz - - microwaves
Dsilva MH et al. 2022 animal, hen (<i>Gallus gallus domesticus</i>) (eggs) - 1,800–2,100 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Tomruk A et al. 2022 animal, rabbit/New Zealand White - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, GSM, mobile phone
Andrašková S et al. 2022 - - - - - microwaves, 2.45 GHz
Bektas H et al. 2021 human - 900–1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM