Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

881 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    319 studies
  2. Other
    311 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    122 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    54 studies
  5. Fertility
    48 studies
  6. Growth
    16 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    11 studies

Teratogenicity, embryogenesis

319 studies in total
  1. Low frequency
    162 studies
  2. Radio frequency
    144 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    37 studies
  4. Other
    2 studies

Low frequency 162 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Tayefi H et al. 2010 animal, rat/ Wistar (embryos and neonatal rats), whole body effects on the heart: myocardial damage (oxidative stress, apoptosis, histological evaluation) 50 Hz - 4 hours/day for 7 days/week (during pregnancy and until postnatal day 20) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Lahijani MS et al. 2013 animal, chicken embryos (eggs), whole body effects on the spleen 50 Hz - continuous for 24 hours magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Shams Lahijani M et al. 2013 animal, chicken embryos (eggs), whole body embryonic heart development 50 Hz - continuous for 24 h magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Pawlak K et al. 2013 animal, chicken embryos (eggs), whole body cardiac work and morphometric parameters, level of thyroid hormones 50 Hz - continuous from the first to the last day of incubation (up to 21 days) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Li Y et al. 2014 animal, zebrafish embryos (<i>Danio rerio</i>), whole body hatching rate, mortality, malformation, and apoptosis 50 Hz - continuous for 96 hours magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Bekhite MM et al. 2016 intact cell/cell culture, embryoid bodies made of pluripotent mouse embryonic stem cells (CCE), animal, mouse/BALB/c, whole body embryonic development of mice 50 Hz - 8 hours/day for up to 20 days during gestation magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, DC
Bayat PD et al. 2012 animal, mouse/NMRI, whole body number and quality of blastocysts 50 Hz - continuously for 48 hours magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Fey DP et al. 2019 animal, rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) (eggs and larvae), whole body embryogenesis and development of rainbow trout larvae 50 Hz - for 36 days (from eyed egg stage to approximately 26 days post hatching) magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Youbicier-Simo BJ et al. 1997 animal, chicken embryos (eggs) and chickens after hatching, whole body - 50–80 Hz - continuous for 47 days magnetic field, low frequency, intermediate frequency, 50/60 Hz, PC/TV monitor
Terol FF et al. 1995 animal, fertilized eggs of Japanese quail (<i>Coturnix coturnix japonica</i>), whole body - 50–100 Hz - continuous for 48 hrs magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz