Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

881 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    319 studies
  2. Other
    311 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    122 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    54 studies
  5. Fertility
    48 studies
  6. Growth
    16 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    11 studies

Teratogenicity, embryogenesis

319 studies in total
  1. Low frequency
    162 studies
  2. Radio frequency
    144 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    37 studies
  4. Other
    2 studies

Low frequency 162 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Mevissen M et al. 1994 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body - 50 Hz - repeated daily exposure of 24 hrs for 20 days magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Michel A et al. 1999 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> (embryo), whole body - 50 Hz - continuous for 30 min magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure, source not given
Nakagawa H et al. 2018 animal, mexican axolotl (<i>Ambystoma mexicanum</i>) - 10 Hz - - magnetic field, static magnetic field
Negishi T et al. 2002 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley (embryo and adult) - 50 Hz - intermittent; 22h/day 50/60 Hz, magnetic field
Nguyen P et al. 1995 intact cell/cell culture, embryonic cells from <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>, invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> (embryo), whole body - 60 Hz - 16 to 18 h 50/60 Hz, magnetic field
Nishikawa U et al. 1986 - - - - - signals/pulses
Nishimura I et al. 2009 - - - - - magnetic field, PC/TV monitor, induction cooker, intermediate frequency
Nishimura I et al. 2011 animal, rat/Crl:CD(SD), whole body malformations of fetuses 20 kHz - continuous for 22 h/day from day 7 to day 17 of gestation magnetic field, intermediate frequency, induction cooker
Okazaki R et al. 2001 animal, mouse/ICR, whole body: <i>in utero</i> - - - continuously for 2 days static magnetic field, MRI
Okudan B et al. 2006 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body bone mineral content and bone mineral density 50 Hz - continuous for 28 days; from day 7 of gestation to 14 days post delivery electric field, static electric field, 50/60 Hz