Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

856 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    314 studies
  2. Other
    302 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    118 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    45 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    10 studies

Teratogenicity, embryogenesis

314 studies in total
  1. Low frequency
    157 studies
  2. Radio frequency
    137 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    40 studies
  4. Other
    2 studies

Low frequency 157 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Skauli KS et al. 2000 animal, zebrafish embryos (<i>Danio rerio</i>), whole body - 50 Hz - from 2 h after fertilization until hatching or from 48 h after fertilization until hatching magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Shams Lahijani M et al. 2000 animal, chicken embryos (eggs), whole body - 50 Hz - continuous for 24 h magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Huuskonen H et al. 2001 mouse embryos, mouse/CBA/s development of mouse embryos 50 Hz - from 8 h after ovulation to blastocyst stage magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Negishi T et al. 2002 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley (embryo and adult) - 50 Hz - intermittent; 22h/day 50/60 Hz, magnetic field
Roda-Moreno JA et al. 2003 animal, chicken embryos, whole body - 50 Hz - continuous for 15 days magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Rajendra P et al. 2004 animal, chicken embryos (eggs), whole body neurotransmitter levels in the brain and tissue damage in chicken embryos 50 Hz - continuous for 5, 10 and 15 days magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Shams Lahijani M et al. 2004 fertilized chicken eggs teratogenicity/embryonal development 50 Hz - continuous for 24 h low frequency, 50/60 Hz, magnetic field
Grimaldi S et al. 2004 animal, African clawed frog (<i>Xenopus laevis</i>) (tadpoles), whole body tadpole survival and metamorphosis-rate 50 Hz - continuous for 65 days magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Shi Y et al. 2005 animal, mouse/CD-1, whole body embryo development (expression of embryo <i>c-fos</i> mRNA) 50 Hz - continuous from gestation day 5.5 to gestation day 8.5 magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Roda-Murillo O et al. 2005 animal, fertilized eggs of <i>Gallus domesticus</i> (chicken; Leghorn HR7 variety) teratogenicity (body weight and cranial/cephalic development) 50 Hz - continuous for 15 or 21 days 50/60 Hz