Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Juutilainen JP | 1986 | - | - | 100 Hz | - | continuous, during incubation | magnetic field, low frequency |
Kalantar MH et al. | 2024 | animal, rat/Wistar albino | - | - | - | - | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF |
Kantarcioglu E et al. | 2018 | animal, chicken/Super Nick (egg) | - | - | - | - | static magnetic field, MRI |
Karja NW et al. | 2006 | - | - | - | - | - | electric field, signals/pulses |
Kay HH et al. | 1988 | animal, embryos of <i>Xenopus laevis</i> (African clawed frog), whole body: <i>in ovo</i> | - | 64 MHz | - | - | MRI |
Kim SH et al. | 2004 | - | - | 20 kHz | - | repeated daily exposure, 8 h/d, from Day 2.5 to 15.5 of gestation. | magnetic field, intermediate frequency |
Koch WE et al. | 1991 | animal, chicken embryos (eggs), whole body | - | 33–50 Hz | - | 10 times 10 ms, 6 times 1 ms, 26 times 20 ms or 5 times 30 ms | magnetic field, low frequency, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz |
Komazaki S et al. | 2007 | animal, japanese fire belly newt/<i>Cynops pyrrhogaster</i> (embryo), whole body | embryo development | 50 Hz | - | 5 days | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Konermann G et al. | 1986 | animal, mouse/albino | - | - | - | - | static magnetic field, DC, MRI |
Kowalczuk CI et al. | 1994 | animal, mouse/CD-1, whole body | - | 50 Hz | - | 24 hr/day from 0 to 17 day of gestation. | magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz |
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