Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
| Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zimmermann B et al. | 1987 | animal, mouse/NMRI, whole body | - | - | - | continuous for 18 days | static magnetic field, MRI |
| Konermann G et al. | 1986 | animal, mouse/albino | - | - | - | - | static magnetic field, MRI |
| Sienkiewicz ZJ et al. | 1994 | animal, mouse/CD-1 (embryo), whole body | - | 50 Hz | - | - | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
| Sikov MR et al. | 1984 | animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body | - | 60 Hz | - | continuous | electric field, 50/60 Hz |
| McGivern RF et al. | 1990 | - | - | 15 Hz | - | 15 min twice a days from day 15 till day 20 of gestation | signals/pulses |
| Tyndall DA et al. | 1991 | animal, mouse/C57BL/6J (embryo), whole body: <i>in utero</i> | - | 64 MHz | - | continuous for 36 min. on gestational day 7 | RF, static magnetic field, MRI |
| Yu MC et al. | 1993 | animal, rat/Sprague Dawley (embryo and adult) | - | 60 Hz | - | continuous, 23h/d for 18d to 40d | 50/60 Hz |
| Portet R et al. | 1988 | animal, rat/Long-Evans and rabbit, whole body | - | 50 Hz | - | continuous for 8 h/day for 4 weeks | electric field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz |
| Terol FF et al. | 1994 | - | - | 0 Hz–1 kHz | - | - | - |
| Falugi C et al. | 1987 | - | - | 5 kHz | - | 2 to 4 hrs | signals/pulses |
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