Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

856 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    314 studies
  2. Other
    302 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    118 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    45 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    10 studies

Teratogenicity, embryogenesis

314 studies in total
  1. Low frequency
    157 studies
  2. Radio frequency
    137 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    40 studies
  4. Other
    2 studies

Low frequency 157 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Saito K et al. 2006 animal, mouse/SS - - - continuous for 60 min on day 7.5, 9.5, 10.5, 11.5, 12.5, 13.5, or 14.5 of pregnancy static magnetic field
Grimaldi S et al. 2004 animal, African clawed frog (<i>Xenopus laevis</i>) (tadpoles), whole body tadpole survival and metamorphosis-rate 50 Hz - continuous for 65 days magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Burack G et al. 1984 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body - 60 Hz - continuous for 8 days electric field, 50/60 Hz
Juutilainen J et al. 1997 animal, mouse/CBA/Ca and CBA/s, whole body fetal loss/resorptions 50 Hz - continuous for 8 days, 24 hrs/day 50/60 Hz, PC/TV monitor, intermediate frequency, magnetic field
Portet R et al. 1988 animal, rat/Long-Evans and rabbit, whole body - 50 Hz - continuous for 8 h/day for 4 weeks electric field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Dupont MJ et al. 2004 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body effects on neurons and glia cells 500 mHz - continuous for 9 days ( 2 days befor and 7 days after birth) magnetic field, low frequency, signals/pulses
Formicki K et al. 1998 - - - - continuous for 90 min magnetic field
Li Y et al. 2014 animal, zebrafish embryos (<i>Danio rerio</i>), whole body hatching rate, mortality, malformation, and apoptosis 50 Hz - continuous for 96 hours magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Ossenkopp KP et al. 1972 - - 500 mHz - continuous for about 22 or 3 days magnetic field, low frequency
Huuskonen H et al. 1998 - - 20 kHz - continuous from gestation day 0 to 18. magnetic field, PC/TV monitor, intermediate frequency