Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

866 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    316 studies
  2. Other
    305 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    119 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    48 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    11 studies

Teratogenicity, embryogenesis

316 studies in total
  1. Low frequency
    160 studies
  2. Radio frequency
    142 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    37 studies
  4. Other
    2 studies

Low frequency 160 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Rommereim DN et al. 1996 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley (embryo), whole body - 60 Hz - continuous 20h/day, for 20 d magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Sakamoto S et al. 1993 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley albino (adults, fetuses and neonatals), whole body - 60 Hz - 1.3 months (1 month prior to mating through lactation period), 3,3 months (3 mo prior to mating through lactation period) 50/60 Hz
Gona AG et al. 1993 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley - 60 Hz - 7-8 h/day for 23 days with 30 min/day interruption for nursing electric field, magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line
Jiang ML et al. 2003 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley (embryo), whole body: <i>in utero</i> - - - - MRI
Zusman I et al. 1990 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley and mouse - 1–100 Hz - - electric field, low frequency, signals/pulses
Rommereim DN et al. 1990 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body - 60 Hz - intermittent; 19h/day, 7days/week electric field, 50/60 Hz
Burack G et al. 1984 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body - 60 Hz - continuous for 8 days electric field, 50/60 Hz
Seto YJ et al. 1984 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body - 60 Hz - repeated daily exposure, 21 hrs/d, pls see remark electric field, 50/60 Hz
Sikov MR et al. 1984 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body - 60 Hz - continuous electric field, 50/60 Hz
Ryan BM et al. 1996 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body - 60 Hz - both daily intertmittent and continous exposure, 1 hr off 1 hr on, 18.5 hr/days, 7 days/week magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure