Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Saito K et al. | 2006 | animal, mouse/SS | - | - | - | continuous for 60 min on day 7.5, 9.5, 10.5, 11.5, 12.5, 13.5, or 14.5 of pregnancy | static magnetic field |
Gagnon ZE et al. | 2003 | animal, mouse/Swiss Webster, whole body | embryo development | 0 Hz–25 MHz | - | exposure started on the 18th day of pregnancy; one week later, offspring was born and maintained together with their mothers for 21 days. After that, only the mothers were left to continue for another 4 weeks. | EMF general |
Konermann G et al. | 1986 | animal, mouse/albino | - | - | - | - | static magnetic field, MRI |
Fey DP et al. | 2019 | animal, rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) (eggs and larvae), whole body | embryogenesis and development of rainbow trout larvae | 50 Hz | - | for 36 days (from eyed egg stage to approximately 26 days post hatching) | magnetic field, static magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Tayefi H et al. | 2010 | animal, rat/ Wistar (embryos and neonatal rats), whole body | effects on the heart: myocardial damage (oxidative stress, apoptosis, histological evaluation) | 50 Hz | - | 4 hours/day for 7 days/week (during pregnancy and until postnatal day 20) | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
Rommereim DN et al. | 1987 | animal, rat/Charles River, whole body | - | 60 Hz | - | 19 h/day | electric field, 50/60 Hz |
Nishimura I et al. | 2011 | animal, rat/Crl:CD(SD), whole body | malformations of fetuses | 20 kHz | - | continuous for 22 h/day from day 7 to day 17 of gestation | magnetic field, intermediate frequency, induction cooker |
Portet R et al. | 1988 | animal, rat/Long-Evans and rabbit, whole body | - | 50 Hz | - | continuous for 8 h/day for 4 weeks | electric field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz |
Yu MC et al. | 1993 | animal, rat/Sprague Dawley (embryo and adult) | - | 60 Hz | - | continuous, 23h/d for 18d to 40d | 50/60 Hz |
Negishi T et al. | 2002 | animal, rat/Sprague Dawley (embryo and adult) | - | 50 Hz | - | intermittent; 22h/day | 50/60 Hz, magnetic field |
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