Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

858 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    314 studies
  2. Other
    303 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    119 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    45 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    10 studies

Teratogenicity, embryogenesis

314 studies in total
  1. Low frequency
    158 studies
  2. Radio frequency
    138 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    39 studies
  4. Other
    2 studies

Low frequency 158 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Saito K et al. 2006 animal, mouse/SS - - - continuous for 60 min on day 7.5, 9.5, 10.5, 11.5, 12.5, 13.5, or 14.5 of pregnancy static magnetic field
Formicki K et al. 1998 - - - - continuous for 90 min magnetic field
Karja NW et al. 2006 - - - - - electric field, signals/pulses
Nishikawa U et al. 1986 - - - - - signals/pulses
Nishimura I et al. 2009 - - - - - magnetic field, PC/TV monitor, induction cooker, intermediate frequency
Gu Y et al. 2001 animal, mouse/ICR (embryo), whole body: <i>in utero</i> - - - - MRI, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Okazaki R et al. 2001 animal, mouse/ICR, whole body: <i>in utero</i> - - - continuously for 2 days static magnetic field, MRI, co-exposure
Rofsky NM et al. 1994 animal, mouse/CD-1, whole body - - - - MRI, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Jiang ML et al. 2003 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley (embryo), whole body: <i>in utero</i> - - - - MRI
Zhu C et al. 2011 animal, rat/Wistar (embryo), whole body: <i>in utero</i> - - - - MRI