Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mietchen D et al. | 2005 | animal, African clawed frog (<i>Xenopus laevis</I>) (eggs) | - | - | - | continuous for 15, 29, 42, 63, and 76 min | static magnetic field |
Ruggiero M et al. | 2004 | animal, chicken embryos (eggs), whole body | - | 0 Hz | - | continuous for 3 h | static magnetic field, MRI |
Ho MW et al. | 1992 | animal, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> (embryo), whole body | - | 0 Hz | - | continuous for 30 min | static magnetic field, DC |
Asashima M et al. | 1991 | animal, japanese fire belly newt (<i>Cynops pyrrhogaster</i>), whole body: embryo (<i>in ovo</i>) and larvae | - | 0 Hz | - | continuous for 5 days | geomagnetic field, shielding/field deprivation |
Eguchi Y et al. | 2006 | animal, spawn of <i>Xenopus laevis</i> | - | 0 Hz | - | continuous for 5 days | static magnetic field, DC |
Formicki K et al. | 1998 | animal, rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) and trout (<i>Salmo trutta</i>) | - | - | - | from fertilization until hatching | DC, static magnetic field |
Mo WC et al. | 2012 | animal, African clawed frog (<i>Xenopus laevis</i>) (embryos and adults), whole body | cleavage and malformation in early embryonal stage | 0 Hz | - | parental animals continuous for 7 days; afterwards, embryos continuous for up to 4 days | geomagnetic field, shielding/field deprivation |
Murakami J et al. | 1992 | animal, mouse/CD-1 (embryo), partial body: <i>in utero</i> | - | 0 Hz | - | repeated daily exposure of 1 hr from day 7 to day 14 of gestation | static magnetic field |
Levin M et al. | 1997 | animal, sea urchin (<i>Strongylocentrotus purpuratus</i> and <i>Lytechinus pictus</i>) (embryo), whole body | - | 0 Hz | - | up to 94 h | static magnetic field, DC |
Hansson Mild K et al. | 1981 | animal, <i>Xenopus laevis</i> (embryo), whole body: <i>in ovo</i> | - | 0 Hz | - | upto 1 week | static magnetic field, DC |
This website uses cookies to provide you the best browsing experience. By continuing to use this website you accept our use of cookies.