Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

866 studies in total
  1. 316 studies
  2. 305 studies
  3. 119 studies
  4. 52 studies
  5. 48 studies
  6. 15 studies
  7. 11 studies

Teratogenicity, embryogenesis

316 studies in total
  1. 160 studies
  2. 142 studies
  3. 37 studies
  4. 2 studies
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Ueno S et al. 1990 animal, african clawed frog (<i>Xenopus laevis</i>) (embryos), whole body: <i>in ovo</i> - 0 Hz - - static magnetic field
Ueno S et al. 1994 animal, african clawed frog (<i>Xenopus laevis</i>) (embryos), whole body: <i>in ovo</i> - 0 Hz - - static magnetic field
Neurath PW 1968 animal, frog (<i>Rana pipiens</i>) - 0 Hz - - static magnetic field
Ueno S et al. 1984 animal, <i>Xenopus laevis</i> - 0 Hz - - static magnetic field, DC
Sikov MR et al. 1979 animal, mouse/Swiss Webster - 0 Hz - - static magnetic field, DC
Valles Jr JM et al. 2002 animal, fertilized eggs of <i>Xenopus laevis</i> - 0 Hz - - static magnetic field
Popova E et al. 2011 animal, mouse and rat embryos - 500 kHz - 30 minutes intermediate frequency, signals/pulses, electric current application, DC