Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

863 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    316 studies
  2. Other
    303 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    119 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    47 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    11 studies

Teratogenicity, embryogenesis

316 studies in total
  1. Low frequency
    159 studies
  2. Radio frequency
    141 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    38 studies
  4. Other
    2 studies

DC and static fields 38 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Formicki K et al. 1998 animal, rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) and trout (<i>Salmo trutta</i>) - - - from fertilization until hatching DC, static magnetic field
Asashima M et al. 1991 animal, japanese fire belly newt (<i>Cynops pyrrhogaster</i>), whole body: embryo (<i>in ovo</i>) and larvae - 0 Hz - continuous for 5 days geomagnetic field, shielding/field deprivation
Fesenko EE et al. 2010 animal, mouse/NMRI - 0 Hz - - geomagnetic field, shielding/field deprivation
Mo WC et al. 2012 animal, African clawed frog (<i>Xenopus laevis</i>) (embryos and adults), whole body cleavage and malformation in early embryonal stage 0 Hz - parental animals continuous for 7 days; afterwards, embryos continuous for up to 4 days geomagnetic field, shielding/field deprivation
Orlov OI et al. 2020 animal, Japanese quail embryos - - - - geomagnetic field, shielding/field deprivation
Krylov VV et al. 2019 animal, roach (<i>Rutilus rutilus</i>) (embryos) - - - - geomagnetic field, static magnetic field
Popova E et al. 2011 animal, mouse and rat embryos - 500 kHz - 30 minutes intermediate frequency, signals/pulses, electric current application, DC
Herrid M et al. 1998 animal, mouse embryos - - - - static electric field
Espinar A et al. 1997 animal, chicken embryos (eggs), whole body - 0 Hz - continuous for 1 day (day six of incubation) static magnetic field
Murakami J et al. 1992 animal, mouse/CD-1 (embryo), partial body: <i>in utero</i> - 0 Hz - repeated daily exposure of 1 hr from day 7 to day 14 of gestation static magnetic field