Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

867 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    316 studies
  2. Other
    306 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    119 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    48 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    11 studies

Other

306 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    148 studies
  2. Low frequency
    113 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    57 studies

Radio frequency 148 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Tillmann T et al. 2010 animal, mouse/B6C3F1, whole body neoplasms and pre-neoplastic lesions and tumour incidences in spleen, kidneys, liver, lung, lymph nodes, and brain 1,966 MHz 0.62–5.76 W/kg continuous for 20 hr/day, 7 days/week for up to 24 months UMTS, mobile communications
Tomruk A et al. 2010 animal, rabbit/New Zealand White, whole body oxidative stress induced liver damage (hepato-toxicity: DNA damage, lipid peroxidation and malondialdehyde level) 1,800 MHz - continuous for 15 min/day on 7 days digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, PW pulsed wave
Topsakal S et al. 2017 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley - - - - 2.45 GHz, W-LAN/WiFi
Tripathi R et al. 2022 animal, rat/ Wistar albino - 1,760 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Tripathi R et al. 2023 animal, rat/ Wistar albino - 1,760 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Tripathi R et al. 2024 - - 1.76–1.92 GHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, GSM, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Tumkaya L et al. 2019 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley - 1,800 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF, W-LAN/WiFi
Tungjitwitayakul J et al. 2016 - - - - - microwaves, microw. oven/heating device, also other exposures without EMF
Turedi S et al. 2015 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley, whole body oxidative stress and histology of the heart 900 MHz 0.025 W/kg continuous for 1 hour/day from day 13 to 21 of pregnancy mobile phone, mobile communications
Tüfekci KK et al. 2023 animal, rat/ Wistar albino - 900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, RF, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF