Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
| Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alam MJ et al. | 2024 | - | - | 25–100 Hz | - | - | electric current application, signals/pulses, electrotherapy, therapeutic/medical device |
| Yang H et al. | 2024 | - | - | 4 Hz | - | - | magnetic field |
| Krzystolik J et al. | 2024 | animal, pike (<i>Esox lucius</i> L.) (embryos) | - | - | - | - | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line |
| Krzystolik J et al. | 2024 | - | - | - | - | - | power transmission line, electrical substation, magnetic field |
| Tahir E et al. | 2024 | - | - | - | - | - | 2.45 GHz, W-LAN/WiFi, microwaves |
| Nassisi V et al. | 2023 | animal, zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) larvae | - | 0 Hz–900 MHz | - | - | UHF fields, RF, static magnetic field, low frequency, intermediate frequency |
| Guo Y et al. | 2023 | animal, zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) | - | - | - | - | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
| Şenol N et al. | 2023 | animal, rat/ Wistar albino | - | - | - | - | 50/60 Hz, electric field, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF |
| Li Y et al. | 2022 | invertebrate, honeybee (<i>Apis cerana</i>) | - | - | - | - | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
| Ozturk H et al. | 2022 | animal, rat/Sprague Dawley | - | - | - | - | magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz |
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