Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

881 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    319 studies
  2. Other
    311 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    122 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    54 studies
  5. Fertility
    48 studies
  6. Growth
    16 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    11 studies

Other

311 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    151 studies
  2. Low frequency
    117 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    57 studies

Low frequency 117 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Zhou J et al. 2021 intact cell/cell culture, newborn rat calvarial osteoblasts, animal, rat/Wistar - 10–100 Hz - - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency
Costantini D et al. 2007 animal, Eurasian kestrel (<i>Falco tinnunculus</i>), whole body body condition; oxidative stress in the serum 50 Hz - breeding season of 2002 or 2003 magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line
Krzystolik J et al. 2024 animal, pike (<i>Esox lucius</i> L.) (embryos) - - - - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line
Bellieni CV et al. 2012 human, whole body melatonin production 50 Hz - - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, therapeutic/medical device
Salti R et al. 2006 - - - - - magnetic field, PC/TV monitor, not extractable
Soffritti M et al. 2016 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley, whole body occurrence of tumors in rats 50 Hz - continuous for 19 hours/day from the 12<sup>th</sup> day of pregnancy until death magnetic field, co-exposure
Dupont MJ et al. 2005 animal, rat/ Wistar albino, whole body: fetus - 500 mHz - 48 h prenatal exposure with field off for 30 min every 4 h magnetic field, geomagnetic field, low frequency, shielding/field deprivation
Lee HJ et al. 2007 - - 20 kHz - 8 h/day a) for mammary tumor: for 14 weeks from the day after DMBA treatment b) for lung tumor: for 6 weeks beginning after weaning c) for skin tumor: 20 weeks beginning 1 weeks after DMBA treatment magnetic field, intermediate frequency
Ushiyama A et al. 2014 - - 21 kHz - - magnetic field, intermediate frequency
Persinger MA et al. 1978 - - 500 mHz - 5 days magnetic field, low frequency