Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

852 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    313 studies
  2. Other
    301 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    116 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    45 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    10 studies

Other

301 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    146 studies
  2. Low frequency
    111 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    56 studies

Low frequency 111 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Rajkovic V et al. 2005 animal, rat/Mill Hill, whole body effects on thyroid gland mast cells 50 Hz - 7 h/day, 5 days/week for 3 months starting 24 h after birth electric field, magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Ozturk H et al. 2022 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley - - - - magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Soffritti M et al. 2016 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley, whole body occurrence of tumors in rats 50 Hz - continuous for 19 hours/day from the 12<sup>th</sup> day of pregnancy until death magnetic field, co-exposure
McClanahan BJ et al. 1983 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body - 60 Hz - repeated daily exposure, 20 h/day for 30 days. electric field, 50/60 Hz
Soffritti M et al. 2010 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body mammary cancer 50 Hz - continuous for 19 h/day from day 12 of fetal life (pregnancy) until spontaneous death of offspring magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure
Miyakoshi Y et al. 2012 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body micronuclei formation in astrocytes 50 Hz - continuous for 72 h magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure
Selmaoui B et al. 1999 animal, rat/Wistar serum melatonin level and enzyme activities in the pineal gland 50 Hz - 18 hours/day for 1 week magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Mohammadi B et al. 2021 animal, rat/Wistar - 50 Hz–900 MHz - - mobile communications, mobile phone, 50/60 Hz, magnetic field
Ince B et al. 2012 animal, rat/Wistar albino mineral content in rat teeth (calcium, zinc, magnesium, phosphorus) 50 Hz - continuous 4 h/day during 45 days magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Gunes S et al. 2020 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body diaphragm ultrastructure, electrophysiological and biochemical changes in diaphragm and blood 50 Hz - 4 hours/day for 7 months magnetic field, 50/60 Hz