Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

866 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    316 studies
  2. Other
    305 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    119 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    48 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    11 studies

Other

305 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    147 studies
  2. Low frequency
    113 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    57 studies

Low frequency 113 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Postner M et al. 1995 - - - - - electric field
Poutamo J et al. 1998 human, whole body: embryo <i>in utero</i> - - 1.2–3.8 W/kg - MRI
Rageh MM et al. 2012 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body DNA strand breaks in brain cells; chromosome damage in bone marrow cells, cytotoxicity in brain and bone marrow cells; oxidative stress 50 Hz - continuous for 24 h/day on 30 days magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Rajkovic V et al. 2001 animal, rat/Mill Hill, whole body thyroid gland histology and thyroid hormone blood concentration in rats 50 Hz - continuous for 7 h/day, 5 days/week, for 3 months electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Rajkovic V et al. 2005 animal, rat/Mill Hill, whole body effects on thyroid gland mast cells 50 Hz - 7 h/day, 5 days/week for 3 months starting 24 h after birth electric field, magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Rajkovic V et al. 2010 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body degranulation of cutaneous mast cells (as a marker of mast cell reaction) 50 Hz - continuous for 4 hr/day for 30 days (postnatal days 23 to 53) electric field, magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line
Rajkovic V et al. 2010 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body thyroid structure 50 Hz - continuous for 4 hr/day (from 10:00 to 14:00) on 30 days magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure
Reiter RJ et al. 1988 animal, rat (embryo and young animal), whole body - 60 Hz - repeated daily exposure for 23 days, 19 hr/day. electric field, 50/60 Hz
Salti R et al. 2006 - - - - - magnetic field, PC/TV monitor, not extractable
Selmaoui B et al. 1999 animal, rat/Wistar serum melatonin level and enzyme activities in the pineal gland 50 Hz - 18 hours/day for 1 week magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz