Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

852 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    313 studies
  2. Other
    301 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    116 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    45 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    10 studies

Other

301 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    146 studies
  2. Low frequency
    111 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    56 studies

Low frequency 111 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Vallejo D et al. 2003 animal, mouse/OF1, whole body - 50 Hz - continuous for 14 weeks magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Rajkovic V et al. 2005 animal, rat/Mill Hill, whole body effects on thyroid gland mast cells 50 Hz - 7 h/day, 5 days/week for 3 months starting 24 h after birth electric field, magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Björasen AM et al. 2004 intact cell/cell culture, K562 cells (human erythroleukemic cell line), animal, chicken embryos/White Leghorn, whole body survival/mortality 50 Hz - continuous for 20 min (MF) and 75 min (UV-C) magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure
Leitgeb N et al. 2005 human, partial body: lateral side of the forearm electric current perception 50 Hz - until first perception of the current touch current, electric current application, 50/60 Hz
Singh S et al. 1999 animal, mouse/Swiss albino, whole body - 50 Hz - 8 h / day for 8 weeks magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Luo Q et al. 2006 ICR mouse embryo cultures DNA damage (double-strand breaks) 50 Hz - 24 h 50/60 Hz, magnetic field, low frequency, co-exposure
Udroiu I et al. 2006 animal, mouse/CD-1 Swiss, whole body clastogenic and aneugenic effects 50 Hz - 24 h/day for 21 days magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Leitgeb N et al. 2007 human, partial body: forearms perception threshold 50 Hz - current linearly increased until perception of current touch current, electric current application, 50/60 Hz
Leitgeb N et al. 2006 human, partial body: lateral side of the forearm electric current perception 50 Hz - until first perception of current; repeated 6 times with a 3 min break between the tests touch current, electric current application, 50/60 Hz
Mannerling AC et al. 2007 animal, chicken embryos/White Leghorn, whole body survival rate 50 Hz - 10, 20 or 60 min magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure