Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

881 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    319 studies
  2. Other
    311 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    122 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    54 studies
  5. Fertility
    48 studies
  6. Growth
    16 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    11 studies

Other

311 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    151 studies
  2. Low frequency
    117 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    57 studies

Low frequency 117 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Martin AH et al. 1995 animal, chicken embryos/White Leghorn, whole body - 60 Hz - continuous for 72 h magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Di Carlo A et al. 2002 animal, chicken embryos/White Leghorn, whole body stress response (HSP70 induction), hypoxia 60 Hz 1.7 W/kg continuous for 30 min or 4 days, or repeated daily exposure for 20, 30 or 60 min, once or twice daily, for 4 days microwaves, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Mannerling AC et al. 2007 animal, chicken embryos/White Leghorn, whole body survival rate 50 Hz - 10, 20 or 60 min magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure
Mohamed GM et al. 2015 animal, chicken/Leghorn (eggs) properties of red blood cells and hemoglobin 50 Hz - continuous for 20 minutes magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Majidian Eydgahi S et al. 2015 animal, chicken/Ross (egg), whole body - - - - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
DiCarlo AL et al. 1999 animal, chicken/White Leghorn (eggs), whole body survival rate 60 Hz - 20 min magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure
Kolbabova T et al. 2015 animal, cow (calve)/Holstein and Czech Red Pied cattle, whole body melatonin level in saliva 50 Hz - continuous (?) for 35 days magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Graves HB 1977 animal, domestic fowls, domestic pigeons, mice - - - - electric field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line
Dell'Omo G et al. 2009 animal, kestrel/Eurasian (<i>Falco tinnunculus</i>), whole body growth, melatonin secretion, leukocyte count and fledging success (of kestrels) 50–60 Hz - breeding season of the year 2000 electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line
Otaka Y et al. 2002 animal, mouse/B6C3F1 (F1 generation from male C3H/HeJ and female C57BL/6J mice), whole body tumor incidence 50 Hz - (females) 2 and (males) 9 weeks magnetic field, 50/60 Hz