Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
| Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ozturk H et al. | 2022 | animal, rat/Sprague Dawley | - | - | - | - | magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz |
| Li Y et al. | 2022 | invertebrate, honeybee (<i>Apis cerana</i>) | - | - | - | - | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
| Bryan YF et al. | 2006 | - | - | - | - | - | MRI |
| Şenol N et al. | 2023 | animal, rat/ Wistar albino | - | - | - | - | 50/60 Hz, electric field, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF |
| Guo Y et al. | 2023 | animal, zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) | - | - | - | - | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
| Tahir E et al. | 2024 | - | - | - | - | - | 2.45 GHz, W-LAN/WiFi, microwaves |
| Krzystolik J et al. | 2024 | - | - | - | - | - | power transmission line, electrical substation, magnetic field |
| Krzystolik J et al. | 2024 | animal, pike (<i>Esox lucius</i> L.) (embryos) | - | - | - | - | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line |
| Graves HB | 1977 | animal, domestic fowls, domestic pigeons, mice | - | - | - | - | electric field, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line |
| Burkhardt DS et al. | 2025 | - | - | - | - | - | electric current application, touch current, 50/60 Hz, DC |
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