Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
| Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Passi R et al. | 2017 | - | - | - | - | - | magnetic field, therapeutic/medical device |
| Husheer J et al. | 2020 | - | - | 50–400 Hz | - | - | 50/60 Hz, electric current application |
| Beltrán-Frutos E et al. | 2021 | - | - | 4 MHz | - | - | intermediate frequency, therapeutic/medical device |
| Bryan YF et al. | 2006 | - | - | - | - | - | MRI |
| Tahir E et al. | 2024 | - | - | - | - | - | 2.45 GHz, W-LAN/WiFi, microwaves |
| Krzystolik J et al. | 2024 | - | - | - | - | - | power transmission line, electrical substation, magnetic field |
| Yang H et al. | 2024 | - | - | 4 Hz | - | - | magnetic field |
| Alam MJ et al. | 2024 | - | - | 25–100 Hz | - | - | electric current application, signals/pulses, electrotherapy, therapeutic/medical device |
| Burkhardt DS et al. | 2025 | - | - | - | - | - | electric current application, touch current, 50/60 Hz, DC |
| Luo Q et al. | 2006 | ICR mouse embryo cultures | DNA damage (double-strand breaks) | 50 Hz | - | 24 h | 50/60 Hz, magnetic field, low frequency, co-exposure |
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