Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

882 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    319 studies
  2. Other
    312 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    122 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    54 studies
  5. Fertility
    48 studies
  6. Growth
    16 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    11 studies

Other

312 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    151 studies
  2. Low frequency
    117 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    58 studies

DC and static fields 58 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Formicki K 1992 animal, trout (<i>Salmo trutta</i> L.) (larvae) - - - - static magnetic field
Formicki K et al. 1997 animal, trout (<i>Salmo trutta</i> L.) and rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i> Walb.) (embryo) - - - continuous for about 2 weeks static magnetic field, geomagnetic field
Karwinkel T et al. 2022 animal, wheatear (<i>Oenanthe oenanthe</i>) - - - - signals/pulses, static magnetic field, geomagnetic field
Krylov V et al. 2022 animal, zebrafish embryos (<i>Danio rerio</i>) - - - - geomagnetic field, shielding/field deprivation
Bekhite MM et al. 2010 intact cell/cell culture, embryonic stem cells, animal, mouse/Balb/c (embryos) - 0 Hz - - static magnetic field, DC
Osipenko MA et al. 2008 intact cell/cell culture, fibroblasts (from mouse embryos), animal, mouse embryos - 0 Hz - - geomagnetic field, shielding/field deprivation
Krylov VV et al. 2013 invertebrate, <i>Daphnia magna</i> Straus (great water flea) and <i>Daphnia carinata</i> King - 0 Hz - - geomagnetic field, shielding/field deprivation
Takashima Y et al. 2004 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> - 0 Hz - - static magnetic field, DC, co-exposure
Oh IT et al. 2020 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> - - - - geomagnetic field
Tadres D et al. 2025 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> (larvae) - - - - DC, static electric field, co-exposure