Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
| Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wan GJ et al. | 2021 | invertebrate, brown planthopper (<i>Nilaparvata lugens</i>) | - | - | - | - | geomagnetic field, static magnetic field, shielding/field deprivation |
| Naisbett-Jones LC et al. | 2020 | animal, Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) | - | - | - | - | static magnetic field, signals/pulses |
| Dong L et al. | 2022 | animal, mouse/ICR, whole body | oxidative stress in the spleen of mice, ultrastructural changes in the spleen of mice | - | - | continuously for 21 days | static electric field, high-voltage direct current (HVDC) |
| Karwinkel T et al. | 2022 | animal, wheatear (<i>Oenanthe oenanthe</i>) | - | - | - | - | signals/pulses, static magnetic field, geomagnetic field |
| Yang B et al. | 2022 | invertebrate, nematode (<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>) | - | - | - | - | static magnetic field |
| Harsanyi P et al. | 2022 | invertebrate, European lobster (<i>Homarus gammarus</i>) and Edible crab (<i>Cancer pagurus</i>) | - | - | - | - | static magnetic field, underground cable |
| Pakhomov A et al. | 2022 | animal, European robins (<i>Erithacus rubecula</i>),garden warblers (<i>Sylvia borin</i>), Pied Flycatcher (<i>Ficedula hypoleuca</i>) | - | - | - | - | magnetic field, static magnetic field, also other exposures without EMF |
| El-Bassouiny HM et al. | 2022 | invertebrate, <i>E. insulana</i> (first instar larvae), whole body | - | - | - | - | static magnetic field, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF |
| Zhang Y et al. | 2022 | invertebrate, brown planthopper (<i>Nilaparvata lugens</i>) | - | - | - | - | static magnetic field, geomagnetic field, shielding/field deprivation |
| Ren J et al. | 2022 | animal, tadpoles of <i>Xenopus laevis</i> | - | - | - | - | static magnetic field, geomagnetic field, co-exposure |
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