Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

866 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    316 studies
  2. Other
    305 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    119 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    48 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    11 studies

Other

305 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    147 studies
  2. Low frequency
    113 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    57 studies

DC and static fields 57 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
El-Bassouiny HM et al. 2022 invertebrate, <i>E. insulana</i> (first instar larvae), whole body - - - - static magnetic field, co-exposure, also other exposures without EMF
Fam WZ 1981 animal, mouse/ICR-SW - 0 Hz - - static electric field, DC
Fitak RR et al. 2018 animal, rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) - - - - static magnetic field, signals/pulses
Formicki K 1992 animal, trout (<i>Salmo trutta</i> L.) (larvae) - - - - static magnetic field
Formicki K et al. 1997 animal, trout (<i>Salmo trutta</i> L.) and rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i> Walb.) (embryo) - - - continuous for about 2 weeks static magnetic field, geomagnetic field
Formicki K et al. 1996 animal, carp (<i>Cyprinus carpio</i>) embryos and larvae - - - - static magnetic field
Fuxjager MJ et al. 2011 animal, sea turtle/loggerhead (<i>Caretta caretta</i>) - 0 Hz - continuous for 8 min static magnetic field, geomagnetic field, DC
Gaffey CT et al. 1981 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley and Buffalo, partial body: heart region - 0 Hz - - static magnetic field
Grzesik J et al. 1988 animal, rat/Wistar albino - 0 Hz - - static magnetic field, DC
Harsanyi P et al. 2022 invertebrate, European lobster (<i>Homarus gammarus</i>) and Edible crab (<i>Cancer pagurus</i>) - - - - static magnetic field, underground cable