Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Scanlan MM et al. | 2018 | animal, Atlantic salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>) (juveniles) | - | - | - | - | geomagnetic field, static magnetic field |
Putman NF et al. | 2014 | animal, Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) | - | - | - | - | static magnetic field, geomagnetic field |
Putman NF et al. | 2018 | animal, Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) | - | - | - | - | geomagnetic field, static magnetic field |
Naisbett-Jones LC et al. | 2020 | animal, Chinook salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>) | - | - | - | - | static magnetic field, signals/pulses |
Cresci A et al. | 2019 | animal, European eel (<i>Anguilla anguilla</i>) | - | - | - | - | static magnetic field, shielding/field deprivation |
Kullberg C et al. | 2007 | animal, European robins (<i>Erithacus rubecula</i>) | - | - | - | - | magnetic field, geomagnetic field |
Holland RA et al. | 2013 | animal, European robins (<i>Erithacus rubecula</i>), whole body | - | 0 Hz | - | - | signals/pulses, static magnetic field |
Pakhomov A et al. | 2022 | animal, European robins (<i>Erithacus rubecula</i>),garden warblers (<i>Sylvia borin</i>), Pied Flycatcher (<i>Ficedula hypoleuca</i>) | - | - | - | - | magnetic field, static magnetic field, also other exposures without EMF |
Diego-Rasilla FJ et al. | 2010 | animal, Iberian green frog (<i>Pelophylax perezi</i>) (tadpoles) | - | - | - | - | geomagnetic field, static magnetic field |
Diego-Rasilla FJ et al. | 2015 | animal, Palmate newt (<i>Lissotriton helveticus</i>)/larvae | - | - | - | - | static magnetic field, DC |
Cresci A et al. | 2019 | animal, atlantic haddock larvae (<I>Melanogrammus aeglefinus</i>) | - | - | - | - | geomagnetic field, static magnetic field, shielding/field deprivation |
Formicki K et al. | 1996 | animal, carp (<i>Cyprinus carpio</i>) embryos and larvae | - | - | - | - | static magnetic field |
Sjoberg S et al. | 2016 | animal, garden warblers (<i>Sylvia borin</i>) | - | 0 Hz | - | - | geomagnetic field |
Wiltschko W et al. | 1983 | animal, homing pigeon | - | 0 Hz | - | - | static magnetic field, geomagnetic field |
Lohmann KJ et al. | 1993 | animal, leatherback sea turtle (<i>Dermochelys coriacea</i>) (hatchlings) | - | - | - | - | static magnetic field, geomagnetic field |
Durif CMF et al. | 2023 | animal, lumpfish (<i>Cyclopterus lumpus</i>) | - | - | - | - | static magnetic field, DC, underground cable, high-voltage direct current (HVDC) |
Todorovic D et al. | 2013 | animal, mealworm beetle (<i>Tenebrio obscursus</i> and <i> Tenebrio molitor</i>), whole body | pupae-adult development, motor activity | 0 Hz | - | during development from pupa to eclosion and 24 h after eclosion | static magnetic field, DC |
Osbakken M et al. | 1986 | animal, mouse/CD-1, whole body | - | 0 Hz | - | - | static magnetic field |
Dong L et al. | 2022 | animal, mouse/ICR, whole body | oxidative stress in the spleen of mice, ultrastructural changes in the spleen of mice | - | - | continuously for 21 days | static electric field, high-voltage direct current (HVDC) |
Fam WZ | 1981 | animal, mouse/ICR-SW | - | 0 Hz | - | - | static electric field, DC |
McLean MJ et al. | 2008 | animal, mouse/Swiss (black) | - | 0 Hz | - | - | static magnetic field |
Winnicki A et al. | 1993 | animal, pike (<i>Esox lucius</i> L.) (embryos and larvae), whole body | - | 0 Hz | - | - | static magnetic field |
Putman NF et al. | 2020 | animal, pink salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus gorbuscha</i>) | - | - | - | - | geomagnetic field, static magnetic field |
Putman NF et al. | 2014 | animal, rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) | - | 0 Hz | - | - | geomagnetic field |
Fitak RR et al. | 2018 | animal, rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) | - | - | - | - | static magnetic field, signals/pulses |
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