Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

866 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    316 studies
  2. Other
    305 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    119 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    48 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    11 studies

Growth

15 studies in total
  1. Low frequency
    12 studies
  2. Radio frequency
    3 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    2 studies

Low frequency 12 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Giarola AJ et al. 1974 animal, chicken; rat, whole body determination of growth rate, body weight, organ weight, and feed consumption 45 Hz - continuous until 22, 23 or 28 days of age RF, UHF fields, CW continuous wave, microwaves, electric field, magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Krueger WF et al. 1972 animal, young chicken, whole body - 45 Hz–880 MHz - - TV broadcast (VHF/UHF), electric field, magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Dundar B et al. 2009 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body growth, pubertal development and IGF-1 levels 50 Hz - during pregnancy and further on until puberty (21 days) electric field, 50/60 Hz
Fernie KJ et al. 2000 animal, kestrel/American (<i>Falco sparverius</i>), whole body growth of nestling kestrels 60 Hz - 21 hr/day for 95 days in 1995, 23.5 hr/day for 91 days in 1996 low frequency, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line
Smith RL et al. 1983 - - - - continuous for 8 weeks low frequency, signals/pulses, therapeutic/medical device
Graham JH et al. 2000 invertebrate, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> (from egg to adult) - 60 Hz - - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Anselmo CW et al. 2008 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body somatic maturation of the offspring; weight of the offspring 60 Hz - 2 h/day for 21 days; 1 h in the morning and 1 h in the afternoon magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Lee CY et al. 2020 - - 7.83 Hz - - magnetic field, low frequency
Svedenstal BM et al. 1998 animal, mouse/CBA/Ca and CBA/s, whole body body and organ weight 50 Hz - Experiment 1*: throughout pregnancy + 280 days of age, experiment 2: 140 days, experiment 3: 20 days, 30 days, 40 days and 60 days, experiment 4: 1 day, 2 days and 4 days, experiment 5: 90 days magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, intermediate frequency
Vallejo D et al. 2012 animal, mouse/OF1, whole body growth of mice 50 Hz - continuous for up to 32 weeks, see add.information magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz, power transmission line