Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

863 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    316 studies
  2. Other
    303 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    119 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    47 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    11 studies

Central nervous system

119 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    85 studies
  2. Low frequency
    31 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    3 studies
  4. Other
    one study

Radio frequency 85 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Odaci E et al. 2008 animal, rat/Wistar albino, partial body: maternal head histopathology of the hippocampus, number of granule cells in the dentate gyrus 900 MHz 2 W/kg 60 min/day, from the first to the last day of gestation mobile communications
Odaci E et al. 2016 - - - - - mobile phone, mobile communications, RF
Okur ZH et al. 2021 animal, rat/ Wistar albino - - - - mobile communications, mobile phone
Orendacova J et al. 2011 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body postnatal neurogenesis 2.45 GHz - continuous for 2 h on postnatal day 7 or day 28 microwaves, PW pulsed wave, 2.45 GHz
Othman H et al. 2017 animal, rat/Wistar albino (embryo), whole body mental development and oxidative stress in brain of rat pups 2.45 GHz - 2 hours/day during gestation W-LAN/WiFi, RF, 2.45 GHz
Paulraj R et al. 2006 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body morphological changes and protein kinase C enzyme activity in the developing rat brain 2.45 GHz 0.11 W/kg continuous for 2 h/day on 35 days microwave pulses, 2.45 GHz
Paulraj R et al. 2012 - - 9.9 GHz 1 W/kg 2 h/day for 35 days microwaves, radar
Paulraj R et al. 2012 - - 16.5 GHz 2.01 W/kg continuous for 2 h/day at 35 days (6 days/week) low level microwaves, AM amplitude modulation
Petitdant N et al. 2016 - - 900 MHz - - mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications, RF, PW pulsed wave, co-exposure
Ragbetli MC et al. 2009 animal, mouse/Swiss albino, whole body number of pyramidal cells in the Cornu Ammonis 890–915 MHz 1.2 W/kg 12 hr/day for 19 - 20 days (gestation period) + 20 days after birth (female offspring only) mobile phone, digital mobile phone, GSM, mobile communications