Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
| Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Keleş Aİ et al. | 2018 | animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley | - | 900 MHz | - | - | - |
| Ahmed NA et al. | 2018 | animal, rat/Wistar albino (adults and young animal) | - | 1,800 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, PW pulsed wave |
| Keleş Aİ et al. | 2019 | animal, rat/Sprague Dawley | - | 900 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone, RF, CW continuous wave |
| Hong S et al. | 2020 | animal, rat/Sprague Dawley | - | 800–1,900 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone |
| Azimzadeh M et al. | 2020 | animal, rat/Sprague Dawley | - | 900 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone base station |
| Akakin D et al. | 2021 | animal, rat/Wistar (<i>in utero</i> and young animals) | - | 1,800 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone |
| Kim JH et al. | 2021 | - | - | 1,760–1,850 MHz | - | - | RF |
| Gülsüm Deniz Ö et al. | 2022 | animal, rat/Wistar albino (pregnant females and fetuses) | - | 900 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure |
| Rashidova AM | 2021 | - | - | 460 MHz | - | - | microwaves |
| Singh KV et al. | 2023 | animal, rat/ Wistar | - | 2,115 MHz | - | - | mobile communications, mobile phone |
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