Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.
Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.
The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.
| Authors | Year | Exposed system | Endpoints | Frequency range | SAR | Exposure duration | Parameters |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Win-Shwe TT et al. | 2015 | - | - | 21 kHz | - | - | magnetic field, intermediate frequency, induction cooker |
| Dong L et al. | 2018 | tissue slices, brain slices | - | 15–100 Hz | - | - | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, signals/pulses |
| Sofiabadi M et al. | 2018 | animal, rat/Wistar (<i>in utero</i>), whole body | - | - | - | - | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, co-exposure |
| Kang S et al. | 2018 | - | - | 0.1–50 Hz | - | - | signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz, electric current application |
| Zheng Y et al. | 2021 | - | - | 100–200 Hz | - | - | magnetic field, electric current application, low frequency |
| Dong L et al. | 2021 | - | - | 0.5 Hz | - | - | magnetic field, low frequency |
| Hosseini E et al. | 2023 | animal, rat/ Wistar | - | - | - | - | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure |
| Sissons SM et al. | 2024 | - | - | - | - | - | magnetic field, signals/pulses, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure |
| McNamee JP et al. | 2002 | animal, mouse/ICR, whole body | DNA damage | 60 Hz | - | continuous for 2 h | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz |
| Saha S et al. | 2014 | animal, mouse/C57BL/6, whole body: <i>in utero</i> | double-strand breaks, apoptosis | 50 Hz | - | continuous for 2 hours | magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, also other exposures without EMF |
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