Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

866 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    316 studies
  2. Other
    305 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    119 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    48 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    11 studies

Central nervous system

119 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    85 studies
  2. Low frequency
    31 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    3 studies
  4. Other
    one study

Low frequency 31 studies in total

List view
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Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Akpinar D et al. 2016 animal, rat/Wistar albino (<i>in utero</i> and young animals), whole body mismatch negativity in the EEG and oxidative brain damage 50 Hz - 1 hour/day during gestation until birth (22 days) electric field, 50/60 Hz
Anselmo CW et al. 2006 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body: during pregnancy reflex maturation of newborn rats 60 Hz - repeated daily exposure, 2 h/days for 21 consecutive days magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Balassa T et al. 2013 animal, rat/Wistar (embryo and young animal), whole body synaptic functions 50 Hz - continuous for 7 days during the second week of pregnancy magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Canedo L et al. 2003 animal, rat/Wistar (<i>in utero</i>), whole body serotonin content in the cerebral cortex and pineal gland of young rats 60 Hz - continuous for 5 min, twice/week (6 sessions in total) during gestation magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Dimberg Y 1995 - - - - - magnetic field
Do Monte-Silva KK et al. 2007 animal, rat/ Wistar, partial body: paws - - - - signals/pulses, electric current application
Dong L et al. 2018 tissue slices, brain slices - 15–100 Hz - - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, signals/pulses
Dong L et al. 2021 - - 0.5 Hz - - magnetic field, low frequency
Fournier NM et al. 2012 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body: <i>in utero</i> morphology of hippocampus, behavior in open field, fear conditioning 50 Hz - continuous to different field patterns for 24 h/day during gestation (21 days) magnetic field, low frequency, signals/pulses, 50/60 Hz
Gok DK et al. 2016 animal, rat/Wistar albino, whole body evoked potentials and lipid peroxidation in the brain and retina of rats 50 Hz - daily for 1 hour/day every during pregnancy electric field, 50/60 Hz