Study overviews

Experimental studies on the effects of young animals include studies with young animals prenatally or postnatally (before or after hatching) exposed to electromagnetic fields.

Young animals in this spirit means animals of the whole animal kingdom (but in this context mainly mammals and birds), exposed and investigated before their adulthood.

The graphics also include some experimental studies with children.

Experimental studies on the effects of low and radio frequency on young animals

863 studies in total
  1. Teratogenicity, embryogenesis
    316 studies
  2. Other
    303 studies
  3. Central nervous system
    119 studies
  4. Behavior and cognitive processes
    52 studies
  5. Fertility
    47 studies
  6. Growth
    15 studies
  7. Endocrinologic processes
    11 studies

Behavior and cognitive processes

52 studies in total
  1. Radio frequency
    24 studies
  2. Low frequency
    23 studies
  3. DC and static fields
    7 studies
  4. Other
    one study

Low frequency 23 studies in total

List view
10 25 50
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Authors Year Exposed system Endpoints Frequency range SAR Exposure duration Parameters
Hosseini E et al. 2022 animal, rat/Wistar (<i>in utero</i>), whole body - - - - magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Acikgoz B et al. 2022 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley - - - - magnetic field, 50/60 Hz, low frequency, also other exposures without EMF, co-exposure
Albert L et al. 2022 animal, thornback ray (<i>Raja clavata</i>) - 50 Hz - - magnetic field, static magnetic field
Li D et al. 2017 - - - - - MRI
Aydemir S et al. 2016 animal, rat/Sprague Dawley, whole body behavior, anxiety, learning 50–60 Hz - continuously for 15 days magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Ball RE et al. 2016 animal, embryos of thornback ray (<i>Raja clavata</i>), whole body - 1–2 Hz - - low frequency, electric current application
Sakhnini L et al. 2014 animal, mouse/BALB/c - - - - 50/60 Hz, magnetic field
Alsaeed I et al. 2014 animal, mouse/BALB/c, whole body autism-relevant social abnormalities 50 Hz - continously during the last week of gestation and during the first week after birth magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Sakhnini L et al. 2012 animal, mouse, whole body motor coordination and balance 50 Hz - continuous for 7 days magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Hoyer C et al. 2012 animal, mouse/C57BL/6J - - - - static magnetic field, MRI
Sun H et al. 2010 animal, chicken embryos (eggs) memory 50 Hz - 60 min/day on embyonic days 12 - 18 magnetic field, 50/60 Hz
Whissell PD et al. 2009 - - - - - magnetic field, low frequency, signals/pulses
St-Pierre LS et al. 2008 - - - - - magnetic field
Jiang ML et al. 2004 animal, rat/Sprague-Dawley, whole body: <i>in utero</i> - - - - magnetic field, MRI
Vazquez-Garcia M et al. 2004 animal, rat/Wistar, whole body social recognition behavior 60 Hz - repeated daily exposure, 2 h/day for 9 days magnetic field, low frequency, 50/60 Hz
Fitzpatrick RE et al. 2004 animal, rat/Wistar albino anxiety response - - A total of four 30 min exposure magnetic field, signals/pulses
McKay BE et al. 2003 - - 500 mHz - 4 h cycle of 30 min steps of increasing or decreasing magnetic flux - 6 cycles/day magnetic field, signals/pulses
McKay BE et al. 2003 - - - - continuous, 24 h /day for 21 days magnetic field, low frequency, signals/pulses
Ossenkopp KP et al. 1983 - - 500 mHz - continuous for 21 days magnetic field
Persinger MA et al. 1973 - - 500 mHz - prenatal days 1 to 21 magnetic field, low frequency
Ossenkopp KP 1972 - - 500 mHz - during pregnancy (approx. 22 days) magnetic field, low frequency
Persinger MA et al. 1972 - - 500 mHz - during pregnancy magnetic field, low frequency
Persinger MA 1969 - - 500 mHz - during pregnancy magnetic field, low frequency